Examines the stages through which trainees pass on their way to the development of competency in working with clients of dissimilar racial or ethnic background. Proposes a model which provides an appropriate learning environment for each stage. (JAC)

Integrates work of cross-cultural counselor training development theorists, racial-identity development specialists, and cross-cultural counseling competency experts in formation of comprehensive multicultural training model for majority-group counselors. Reviews and integrates extant stage models of white racial consciousness, describes how…

Presents an emotional model that describes the sequence of emotions that occur when the expression of feelings is avoided or impossible and discusses its use in counseling Vietnam veterans. Describes prerequisite counseling skills and related information, based in part on personal experience and the comments of contemporary writers. (JAC)

The authors describe evaluative research on the role and effectiveness of student advisors in postsecondary education. They describe one student advising model that may be applicable to home economics units nationwide. (CH)

The training models of two schools of family therapy in Italy are compared on the basis of the logical level of intervention practiced at each school. The relational context in each program, the therapeutic style taught, and selected characteristics of each clinical method are examined. (Author)

Presents guidelines for clinicians to observe in building and practicing a personal integrative method in family therapy. Focuses on the need for a personal paradigm, the assimiliation of aspects of scholastic approaches, the role of the person of the therapist, the adaptation of the model to specific cases, and the pathways toward developing a…

Proposes tentative model for considering the nature of power and how counselors might use power to influence those who have impact on their clients and programs. Presents power strategies framework based on differing levels of interpersonal relationships as way to bring about desired change in interpersonal situations that are harmful to clients…

Focuses on the problems that family therapists, typically middle-class and from the majority culture, may have in adopting culturally sensitive perceptions and appropriate techniques. Discusses critical issues in culturally conscious family therapy and presents classical family therapy techniques as they might be modified for Mexican-American or…

Poses and responds to ten questions of key significance for social work practice, drawing on the results of effectiveness outcome studies in the related fields of psychotherapy, marital therapy, family therapy, and behavioral therapy. Highlights the research that is beginning to establish which methods work. (Author/LLL)

Addresses difficult situations in counseling characterized by fundamental clash in values between client and counselor. Offers conceptual framework for understanding bases of fundamental value clashes, counselor bias, counselor integrity, and respect for clients. Presents model for ethical counseling concerning fundamental value clashes.…

Applies typology to counseling research that lends understanding to role that client-counselor similarity and difference may play in facilitating counseling effects. Asserts that considering this model in relation to existent research illustrates the value of such a typology both for defining relevant cultural differences and for understanding…

Suggests the development of a personal identity for the female client depends on characteristics of the counselor. Characteristics include: (1) the counselor's resolution of personal values concerning women; (2) resolution of these values evidenced in the counselor's own behavior; and (3) therapy orientation incorporating the first two elements.…

Describes the interpersonal influence model of counseling and its implications for counselor training. Presents behaviors and other cues used to establish counselor expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness--qualities associated with persuasiveness. (Author)

Reviews studies of counseling relationship, using Gelso and Carter's multidimensional model to summarize empirical support for "real,""unreal," and "working alliance" elements of relationship. Discussion of implications of potential model shift in thinking of counseling relationship outlines how adoption of social…

Presents a developmental model of counselor supervision that conceptualizes the training process as a sequence of identifiable stages through which the trainee progresses. Characteristics of supervisees at each of the four levels are discussed as well as appropriate supervision environments that encourage development to the next highest level.…