Examines how categories of race have been historically constructed and applied to science, reviewing research comparing black and white infant motor development from 1931-92; investigating how scientific studies of black motor precocity were influenced by social views on race and racial differences characteristic of the times; and suggesting that…

Notes that subdividing the age group 65 and over into finer age groups unmasks race differentials in mortality and morbidity that often favor blacks in the older age groups. Describes the unusual phenomena; proposes systematic research program to explain them; and discusses existing data sets for their analysis. (Author/NB)

This report reviews the development and history of school guidance, which began in 1936, among the various cultural groups in the Republic of South Africa. It explains how political and economic factors influenced the nature and character of school guidance and counseling and how political structures gradually led to the fact that white education…

Presents summary of what transpired at symposium organized to address feelings of ethnic-minority researchers about impact of white researchers investigating cross-cultural issues. Concludes with four lessons to be drawn from whole topic of minority and majority researchers investigating ethnic-minority populations and other cross-cultural issues.…

Discusses the politics of higher education as it relates to the upward mobility of African Americans in U.S. society. It discusses higher education's role in reducing the endemic problems confronting blacks and how blacks can pursue their educational goals despite the politics in higher education. (GLR)

Even when the socioeconomic background is controlled, there is still a difference between blacks and whites in academic achievement. Studies have shown that, though social class is a factor in that difference, ethnicity is the primary factor. This report discusses ideologies that have tried to explain that ethnic difference. It discusses the…

This is a report on a study of how Hispanic youth fare in the labor market, based on data from the 1979 and 1980 National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth Labor Market Experiences. Chapter 1 reviews some of the major factors (low educational attainment, language problems, influx of foreign workers, cultural problems, and discrimination) that have…

The fact that an achievement gap between White and African-American students exists is undisputed. The reasons for this gap are many and complex. Evidence does exist, though, that this gap can be narrowed and potentially eliminated. Evidence also exists that demonstrates that when the gap in academic achievement becomes equal African-Americans are…

Re-examination of a 16-county area of southern Alabama last studied in 1968 found it still economically depressed, especially for blacks. Black unemployment remains two to three times higher and black poverty rates up to five times higher than those of whites. Blacks are generally employed in the lowest paying jobs. Both black median family income…

This report summarizes results of ethnographic research and a survey on how home climate, school climate, and interaction between the two might affect learning and school behavior among students of different racial/ethnic groups, sex, and socioeconomic background; and provides guidelines for measuring and improving equity in multicultural schools.…

A free mind is the first step in the pursuit of liberty, but African Americans have been hampered in that pursuit by both the Eurocentric dominant culture and by the lack of consensus among blacks on the nature and goals of black education. Conflicting trends in the history of black education include the following: (1) opposing Eurocentric and…