Africa was unable to fulfill the objectives of making compulsory primary education available for all by 1980. As a result, the Harare (Zimbabwe) Declaration, signed by ministers of the United Nations members states of Africa in 1982, aimed to make primary schooling universal and to promote literacy among young people and adults on a massive scale. To be addressed on national and regional levels are these six priority areas: (1) preparation and implementation of strategies to help nations prepare regional workshops, a national plan, structures to support the plan, technical support, and a national seminar; (2) action research to promote literacy among women, educational innovations, use of African national languages, and a definition of education programs adapted to the living conditions of rural populations; (3) staff training; (4) production and distribution of teaching material; (5) exchanges and information; and (6) public awareness and mobilization of public opinion. More than 40 national operational projects are being implemented with the assistance of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Among the projects are the COFORPA program (regional technical cooperation for educational planning and administration), a project promoting the use of the Arabic alphabet in the elimination of illiteracy, and the IFOMA (Innovation-Training-Teaching Materials) project for teacher education. (CML)