Formal education in Iran, especially higher education, has been a means to smoothen the road to social mobility, provide good jobs, and boost people's earnings. Now, being a university graduate and remaining unemployed is regarded as a challenge. In addition, governments consider this new unemployment a threat to their legitimacy. It seems that…

The "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (DSM) is one of the most successful technologies in modern times. In spite of well-argued critiques, the DSM and the idea of "mental illness" on which it is based flourish, with ever more (mis)behaviors labeled as brain diseases. Problems in living and related distress…

Reviews studies of impact of comorbidity of personality disorders and depression on response to various forms of treatment. Notes that findings support belief that personality disorders are associated with poorer response to treatment for depression. Also notes that limited data available suggest that depression may be positive prognostic…

An example of the phenomenon termed involuntary deviance is presented to illustrate the need for educators to be familiar with their students' medical problems and to help decrease the social stigma attached to some unavoidable health conditions. (MM)

Argues that an understanding of the genetic and psychophysiological basis of crime and antisocial behavior has important implications for counselors dealing with antisocial behavior. Contends that psychophysiological factors interact with social factors in producing antisocial behaviors. (Author/ABL)

Suggests that schools may be inadvertently fostering antisocial behavior in students. Offers three promising solutions to remedy antisocial behavior: Act early, use effective interventions, and emphasize reading. (Contains 10 references.) (PKP)

To foster a more in-depth understanding of the psychological processes leading to terrorism, the author conceptualizes the terrorist act as the final step on a narrowing staircase. Although the vast majority of people, even when feeling deprived and unfairly treated, remain on the ground floor, some individuals climb up and are eventually…

Defines homicide as a major public health problem as well as a criminal justice problem. Discusses the direct implications of suicidology theory for the understanding and prevention of homicide, specifically the concepts of: prevention-intervention-postvention; clues; lethality; the identification of high risk groups; and the psychological…

Constructed a theoretical model, based upon social functioning components and types of legitimacy characterizing behavior of persons of advanced years. These criteria define behavior as actually or potentially deviant. The resulting classification identifies 18 distinct varieties of social deviance associated with the behavior of elderly persons.…

Several controversies surround differentiation between socially maladjusted and seriously emotionally disturbed. Central to controversy is interpretation of social maladjustment as restricted to include socialized aggressive and adjudicated delinquents or broadened to include Conduct Disorders, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and antisocial…

Reviewed in this article is research on children with reactive attachment disorder (RAD) who exhibit specific patterns of socially aberrant behavior resulting from being maltreated or having limited opportunities to form selective attachments. There are no data explaining why 2 different patterns of the disorder, an emotionally withdrawn-inhibited…

Emphasizes the usefulness of a benefit-cost perspective to generate ideas for encouraging lawful behavior in a variety of different situations. Illustrating the utility of the benefit-cost perspective are traditional criminal behavior, business wrongdoing, and rule violations by public officials. (Author)

On the basis of the relevant research literature, this article discusses adult sleepwalking disorders, and focuses particularly on the documented cases of violence occurring during sleepwalking. Important diagnostic elements are reviewed, including family history, age of onset, gender, stages of sleep, impairments in memory and judgment, automatic…

Conduct disorder represents class of chronic antisocial and disruptive behaviors that interfere with effective interaction with environment. Disorder is relatively common, well documented, and has proven to be difficult to treat successfully. Reliable correlates can be clustered into personal, family, school, and peer dimensions. Successful…

Presents a newly developed projective technique that utilizes criminal fantasy to help predict crime. Statistical significance regarding the difference in number of judged pathological stories for the two groups was reached for all cards that were designed to elicit sexual fantasy. (Author)