Formal education in Iran, especially higher education, has been a means to smoothen the road to social mobility, provide good jobs, and boost people's earnings. Now, being a university graduate and remaining unemployed is regarded as a challenge. In addition, governments consider this new unemployment a threat to their legitimacy. It seems that…

Using a theoretical model of walking with the cane, drop off detection in the touch technique was analyzed for usefulness with the visually impaired. Sufficient cane length for detecting curb drop offs was found to be measurable and a chart was generated to enable the practitioner to determine cane length easily. (Author)

Examines socioeconomic factors that affected Colombian migration into New York City and the participation of Colombian immigrants in the urban labor market. Stresses that analyses of migration processes must consider migrants' emotional lives, ideologies, and social group characteristics. (MJL)

Examines data on middle class Black mobility from (1) a traditional methodological orientation and (2) a historical and sociocultural perspective that considers the development of the Black community. Discusses why the two perspectives produce different results regarding the socioeconomic status of the parents of middle class Blacks. (GC)

Conflict and cohesion among different generations of Polish Americans are discussed in this research review. First, demographic figures related to Polish immigration to the U.S. are presented, and the age structure of the present Polish American population is described. It is posited, based on this demographic information, that Polish American…

We hypothesize that the social support available from low-income networks serves primarily a coping function, rather than a leverage function. Social support and its relationship to material well-being is assessed in a sample of 632 former and current welfare recipients. Respondents report higher levels of perceived emotional, instrumental, and…

Examines the role of the occupational socialization process of adults, beginning with the start of the individual's working life and ending with development and advancement of the individual's career. Conflicting views of management and labor concerning employee development are considered and the need for cooperation is stated. (CH)

Suggests that teachers changing careers must be able to assess their special skills and explore how these skills translate into careers outside teaching. Presents a sample cover letter and resume letter, and several specific examples of teachers who found new careers in other fields. (JAC)

More than half of the 10 million workers who switched occupations in 1986 did so because of better pay, working conditions, or advancement opportunities; however, about 1 in 8 workers changed occupations because they lost their previous jobs. (Author)

The European Union is reshaping its education and training programs to focus on the need for the whole community to learn throughout life. However, resources continue to be targeted mostly on initial schooling and undergraduate education. (SK)

Development of adult continuing education in Cyprus has been influenced by political developments, dependence on foreign models and institutions, the low socioeconomic status of the target population, a different tradition from mainstream education, emphasis on socioeconomic over cultural advancement motives, and its use as a spearhead for…

This monograph focuses on children who must move to a new school and new surroundings because their family, for whatever reason, is relocating. It notes that the impact of mobility on families has practical implications for public schools and that schools with a large number of mobile students have a responsibility to establish structured programs…

The authors analyze labor market flexibility and adjustment capabilities of Japan and the United States. They examine the job shift to services and trends in wages, productivity, and exchange rates to judge the international competitive position of each country. (CH)

America's schools are facing a critical shortage of teachers just as student enrollments are rising and more rigorous assessments of student achievement are being implemented. The shortage is especially acute in hard-to-staff schools in urban and rural areas, as well as in high-demand subjects such as math, science, and bilingual and special…

Discusses why midlife career change occurs, the number and type of people it affects, and how it causes problems (financially, emotionally, etc.). A list of selected studies of midlife career change is provided. (CT)