Expectations for the role of research in educational improvement are high. Meeting these expectations requires productive relationships between researchers and practitioners. Few studies, however, have systematically explored the ways researchers can build stronger, more productive relationships with practitioners. This study seeks to identify…

Analyzed the reigns of 25 long-tenured European absolute monarchs for 238 five-year age periods to determine the relationship between age and achievement in the politico-military domain. Results indicated that age negatively correlated with success in foreign wars and with treaty negotiation, and positively correlated with civil instability at…

The proposition that individuals process social information in terms of existing cognitive schemata has generated considerable research suggesting that behavioral descriptions of leaders reflect individually held prototypes of leadership rather than descriptive reports of behavior. While plausible, evidence of such claims is difficult to show…

Explores the paradoxical role of external leaders of self-managing work teams in a medium-sized manufacturing plant. External leaders' most important behaviors are those facilitating the team's management through self-observation, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement. Leaders' dominant role is to lead others to lead themselves. Contains 6…

Although few people bring their psychological problems to mental health professionals, research in the area of 'natural' help is rudimentary. To investigate the process and effectiveness of natural professional groups in helping individuals experiencing marital disruption, 42 helpers (14 mental health professionals, 14 divorce lawyers, and 14…

This study examined the relationship of chief executive psychological need for achievement with organizational structure. Models relating formalization, centralization, and integration with hypothesized determinants were investigated using LISREL and multiple regression analyses. Executive need for achievement and size related strongest to most…

Describes a classroom exercise showing students how stereotypes can result in sex-biased leader selection. Finds that task-oriented competitive instructions produce a disproportionate number of selected male leaders. Includes procedures for replicating and evaluating the exercise. (CFR)

Analyses relationship between gender and confidence in science. Argues that, as women form larger part of labor force and tax base, scientific fields must seek to increase women's generally lower levels of confidence in science. Reports no change in trend of confidence in science between 1973 and 1989, but shows significant and widening gap…

This paper describes a survey-based needs assessment method for school districts using multiple constituency groups. The constituency groups included are: the general public, community leaders, parents, students, graduates, and professional educators. The method requires polling the groups using telephone surveys, mailed surveys, or group…

Using techniques of the reputational method to study community power structure, this report identifies components of power structure in a Tennessee school district, demonstrates that proven methodologies can facilitate educational leaders' reform efforts, and serves as a pilot study for further investigation. Researchers investigated the district…

As part of Australia's Education and Local Development project, Tasmanian researchers investigated whether the upgrading of district schools to district high schools had contributed to the social, economic, and cultural development of the local areas. For three selected areas (Glenora, Sheffield, and Ouse), researchers gathered financial and…

These proceedings consist of 44 presentations in these categories: distance education and evaluation; community issues and research; multicultural issues and research; teaching and learning; research methods; and organizational development. The papers are "Philosophical Foundations of Andragogy and Self-Directed Learning" (Alfred);…