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Jones, Manon W.; Ashby, Jane; Branigan, Holly P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2013
The ability to coordinate serial processing of multiple items is crucial for fluent reading but is known to be impaired in dyslexia. To investigate this impairment, we manipulated the orthographic and phonological similarity of adjacent letters online as dyslexic and nondyslexic readers named letters in a serial naming (RAN) task. Eye movements…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Coordination, Cognitive Processes, Serial Ordering
Petersen, Anders; Andersen, Tobias S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
The psychometric function of single-letter identification is typically described as a function of stimulus intensity. However, the effect of stimulus exposure duration on letter identification remains poorly described. This is surprising because the effect of exposure duration has played a central role in modeling performance in whole and partial…
Descriptors: Identification, Alphabets, Time, Visual Perception
Zhaoping, Li; Frith, Uta – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
It is harder to find the letter "N" among its mirror reversals than vice versa, an inconvenient finding for bottom-up saliency accounts based on primary visual cortex (V1) mechanisms. However, in line with this account, we found that in dense search arrays, gaze first landed on either target equally fast. Remarkably, after first landing,…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Alphabets, Geometric Concepts, Eye Movements
Guzman-Martinez, Emmanuel; Grabowecky, Marcia; Palafox, German; Suzuki, Satoru – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
Visual spatial attention can be exogenously captured by a salient stimulus or can be endogenously allocated by voluntary effort. Whether these two attention modes serve distinctive functions is debated, but for processing of single targets the literature suggests superiority of exogenous attention (it is faster acting and serves more functions).…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Spatial Ability, Color, Alphabets
Spector, Ferrinne; Maurer, Daphne – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
Many letters of the alphabet are consistently mapped to specific colors in English-speaking adults, both in the general population and in individuals with grapheme-color synaesthesia who perceive letters in color. Here, across six experiments, we tested the ubiquity of the color/letter associations with typically developing toddlers, literate…
Descriptors: Sensory Experience, Sensory Integration, Neurological Organization, Holistic Approach
Hills, Peter J.; Lewis, Michael B. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
Five minutes of processing the local features of a Navon letter causes a detriment in subsequent face-recognition performance (Macrae & Lewis, 2002). We hypothesize a perceptual after effect explanation of this effect in which face recognition is less accurate after adapting to high-spatial frequencies at high contrasts. Five experiments were…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Nonverbal Communication, Alphabets, Stimuli
Kandel, Sonia; Peereman, Ronald; Grosjacques, Geraldine; Fayol, Michel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
This study examined the theoretical controversy on the impact of syllables and bigrams in handwriting production. French children and adults wrote words on a digitizer so that we could collect data on the local, online processing of handwriting production. The words differed in the position of the lowest frequency bigram. In one condition, it…
Descriptors: Children, Adults, Psycholinguistics, Handwriting
Tydgat, Ilse; Grainger, Jonathan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
In 6 experiments, the authors investigated the form of serial position functions for identification of letters, digits, and symbols presented in strings. The results replicated findings obtained with the target search paradigm, showing an interaction between the effects of serial position and type of stimulus, with symbols generating a distinct…
Descriptors: Experiments, Alphabets, Perception, Pattern Recognition
Asymmetry in Object Substitution Masking Occurs Relative to the Direction of Spatial Attention Shift
Hirose, Nobuyuki; Osaka, Naoyuki – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2010
A sparse mask that persists beyond the duration of a target can reduce its visibility, a phenomenon called "object substitution masking". Y. Jiang and M. M. Chun (2001a) found an asymmetric pattern of substitution masking such that a mask on the peripheral side of the target caused stronger substitution masking than on the central side.…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Attention Control, Spatial Ability, Hypothesis Testing
Dell'Acqua, Roberto; Pierre, Jolicoeur; Pascali, Angelo; Pluchino, Patrik – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2007
A rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) technique was used to investigate the role of the nature of processing carried out on targets in the Lag-1 sparing phenomenon. Lag-1 sparing refers to a higher accuracy in the task associated with the 2nd target when the 2 targets are immediately successive in the RSVP stream relative to when there are 1…
Descriptors: Probability, Experiments, Alphabets, Computation

Ogden, William C.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1980
Secondary task performance was used to evaluate the attentional demands of encoding the first letter in a sequential letter-match task. Unlike earlier studies, comparing secondary task performance between two primary task conditions indicated that letter encoding involves attention. Performance during the intertrial interval varied with subjects'…
Descriptors: Attention, Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet)

Healy, Alice F.; Drewnowski, Adam – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1983
Using a combination of letter-detection and proofreading techniques, subjects searching for target letters in printed text made more errors on correctly spelled words than misspelled words. This word inferiority effect contrasts with the superior perception of letters in words over nonwords commonly found in tachistoscopic studies. (Author/CM)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Perception, Reading Research

Staller, Joshua D.; Lappin, Joseph S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1981
In three experiments, this study addressed two basic questions about the detection of multiletter patterns: (1) How is the detection of a multiletter pattern related to the detection of its individual components? (2) How is the detection of a sequence of letters influenced by the observer's familiarity with that sequence? (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Pattern Recognition

Healy, Alice F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1980
In three experiments, subjects read passages and circled misspelling in them. Results support the unitization hypothesis that common words are normally read in units larger than letters but are read in letter units when misspelled. (Author/CP)
Descriptors: Error Patterns, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Prose

LaBerge, David – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1983
In two experiments, a probe technique required subjects to respond when the digit 7 appeared in one of five-letter positions in words or nonwords, inserted at the onset and 500 msec after letter and word processing. The focus of attention given to a letter has a smaller spatial extent. (Author/CM)
Descriptors: Attention, Higher Education, Identification, Letters (Alphabet)
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