This research aims to develop an online Project-Based Collaborative Learning (PBL) model design by utilizing an asynchronous Online Discussion Forum (ODF) that can systematically direct teachers or lecturers as facilitators in learning, and how experts think about the design. Using the Research and Development (R&D) method, this design was…

Cognitive engagement is an essential component in student learning. With the increase of more asynchronous virtual educational tools in classrooms, there is a need to understand how students are engaging with classroom content in these formats. Several studies have examined student and teacher perceptions of cognitive engagement in virtual…

This study determines and analyzes the principles of interactive scenario design supporting critical and creative thinking in asynchronous learning environments. The study was conducted as a qualitative research, framed by two theoretical approaches, heutagogy and inquiry-based learning, and a holistic case study. The basic principles of the…

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn the attention of educators to the blended learning model. This study developed a remote blended game-based learning activity that integrates digital game--based learning (DGBL) and blended learning (including online synchronous and asynchronous learning). This method emphasizes that in the online synchronous…

Cognitive engagement is an essential component in student learning. With the increase of more asynchronous virtual educational tools in classrooms, there is a need to understand how students are engaging with classroom content in these formats. Several studies have examined student and teacher perceptions of cognitive engagement in virtual…

This qualitative study examines how a student-generated meme activity influences adult learners' interaction in online class discussions. A multiple-case design is applied to understand how this class discussion activity facilitates online threaded interactions. This study recruited 28 adult learners from a two-section graduate-level asynchronous…

Learning in asynchronous online environments has gained importance over the last several decades, and educational environment shifts from the COVID-19 pandemic appear to have increased this need. Science educators and students need information about which approaches work in the asynchronous environment where informal feedback tends to be reduced,…

This qualitative study examined how seven graduate students became prepared to teach in an unfamiliar online PBL environment through an experiential professional development program. During the 75-hour preparation program, graduate instructors completed readings and practice activities, immersed themselves in the student perspective, and completed…

Teaching of centripetal force in secondary education is a challenging task because of its central role in the circular and rotational motion. The specific equipment needed for experiments that explore the physical law which governs the centripetal force is usually limited in schools. The experiment presented in this paper, is based on a device…

This study aimed to examine the impact of the project-based flipped classroom (PjBFC) model on online learning with synchronous and asynchronous strategies on student's critical thinking skills. The media used are Zoom meetings and WhatsApp. The research design was quasi-experimental research. The research subjects were students of the Geography…

Higher education students are attending online classes more now than ever in history. Many institutions have temporarily converted their traditional face-to-face to online classroom settings. This raises many challenges as it relates to having to rely on Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). A virtual learning survey was sent out to all First…

This study explores how online instructors use different instructional strategies to engage learners, and the active learning indicators that they look for among their students. Additionally, it examines how modality--synchronous versus asynchronous--and instructor learner-centeredness relate to instructional strategy choices. Using a mixed…

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Computer Science and STEM-related fields were among the most resistant to online courses. This is because of a perception of the need for more hands-on instruction with labs, clinicals, field studies, etc. Additionally, many STEM students had perceptions based on limited experience of an online STEM course.…

While online learning holds many benefits for graduate students, lack of student interaction often found in asynchronous content delivery may negatively impact student engagement. This study examined student perceptions of online lecture-embedded interactive activities that promoted student active engagement through quizzes and gamification. From…

The effects of teachers' audio feedback on students' project-based learning and its influencing factors have seldom been empirically explored in the higher education context. To address this research gap, a group of Hong Kong freshmen (18-23 years old) and their teachers were involved in this study. Data were collected from students' retrospective…