Information systems tools, techniques, and technologies are changing at an ever-increasing pace. Technical skills with operating systems, applications, and hardware are important to learn in an information systems curriculum so that students can be immediately productive upon graduating, but these skills may have a shelf life. Technical skills…

Analysis of programming process data has become popular in computing education research and educational data mining in the last decade. This type of data is quantitative, often of high temporal resolution, and it can be collected non-intrusively while the student is in a natural setting. Many levels of granularity can be obtained, such as…