Regular expression (regex) coding has advantages for text analysis. Humans are often able to quickly construct intelligible coding rules with high precision. That is, researchers can identify words and word patterns that correctly classify examples of a particular concept. And, it is often easy to identify false positives and improve the regex…

Studies examining students' learning behavior predominantly employed rich video data as their main source of information due to the limited knowledge of computer vision and deep learning algorithms. However, one of the challenges faced during such observation is the strenuous task of coding large amounts of video data through repeated viewings. In…

Analysing the interaction between classroom dialogue and digital technology is challenging. Studies in this area typically draw on methods developed for the analysis of spoken interactions. This article reports on a new approach for analysing the enacted affordances of digital technology in classroom dialogue. Using examples from cross-country…

A thematic evaluation of data journalism courses resulted in a typology that parses the field and offers guidance to educators. At the center is pattern detection, preceded by data acquisition and cleaning, and followed by data representation. The typology advances academic understanding by offering a precise conceptualization that distinguishes…

Providing coaching to participants in inquiry-based online discussions contributes to developing cognitive presence (CP) and higher-order thinking. However, a primary issue limiting quality and timely coaching is instructors' lack of tools to efficiently identify CP phases in massive discussion transcripts and effectively assess learners'…

Various similarity measures for source code have been proposed, many rely on edit- or tree-distance. To support a lecturer in quickly assessing live or online exercises with respect to "approaches taken by the students," we compare source code on a more abstract, semantic level. Even if novice student's solutions follow the same idea,…

This study investigates the potential of automated classification using prompt-based learning approaches with transformer models (large language models trained in an unsupervised manner) for a domain-specific classification task. Prompt-based learning with zero or few shots has the potential to (1) make use of artificial intelligence without…

When text datasets are very large, manually coding line by line becomes impractical. As a result, researchers sometimes try to use machine learning algorithms to automatically code text data. One of the most popular algorithms is topic modeling. For a given text dataset, a topic model provides probability distributions of words for a set of…

Educators have long questioned why some students can experience achievement more easily in some school subjects/curriculum, but not in others. We argue that learners cannot ignore navigating two key features inherent within every curriculum--its cognitive demands as well as its opportunities for access to knowledge that are the twin foci of this…

Infrastructures support and shape our social world, but they do so in often invisible ways. In few cases is that truer than with various documents that serve infrastructural functions. This article takes one type of those documents--technical standards--and uses analysis of one specific standard to develop theory related to the infrastructural…

Text classification has allowed researchers to analyze natural language data at a previously impossible scale. However, a text classifier is only as valid as the the annotations on which it was trained. Further, the cost of training a classifier depends on annotators' ability to quickly and accurately apply the coding scheme to each text. Thus,…

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) offers a universal language of codes to document childhood functioning. The ICF-CY Code Set for Infants with Early Delay and Disabilities (EDD Code Set) has been developed to facilitate the practical application of the ICF for children. The purpose of this study was to…

We systematically compared two coding approaches to generate training datasets for machine learning (ML): (1) a holistic approach based on learning progression levels; and (2) a dichotomous, analytic approach of multiple concepts in student reasoning, deconstructed from holistic rubrics. We evaluated four constructed response assessment items for…

Knowledge components (KCs) have many applications. In computing education, knowing the demonstration of specific KCs has been challenging. This paper introduces an entirely data-driven approach for: (1) discovering KCs; and (2) demonstrating KCs, using students' actual code submissions. Our system is based on two expected properties of KCs: (1)…

The purpose of this study was to apply Fautley's model-- [Faultley, Martin. 2005. "A New Model of the Group Composing Process of Lower Secondary School Students." "Music Education Research" 7 (1): 39-57. doi:10.1080/14613800500042109]of the group composing process to the analysis of a collaborative composing project in a lower…