This brief summarizes findings on strategies for helping hard-to-employ populations--especially cash welfare assistance clients and disadvantaged parents with child support obligations--become employed. It begins with an overview of the unique needs of these two groups, followed by a review of strategies that have successfully boosted their…

The document presents the corporate and managerial policy results of quantitative models of an individual's propensity to terminate from manpower programs. The models were tested using a sample from 10 firms participating in the National Alliance of Businessmen (NABS) and the Job Opportunities in the Business Sector (JOBS) programs formed to…

The report highlights policy implications of research conducted on formal and informal labor market information systems and the disadvantaged. Policy implications are developed at the end of each of eight sections reviewing studies in the areas of: insurance, an inner-city training program, newspaper ads, the Job Bank system, immigrant labor,…

In this report a program of supported work developed by the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor and the Ford Foundation is discussed. Supported work is designed for the disadvantaged, people who face barriers in seeking and holding regular jobs. A pilot program for former drug addicts was begun in 1972 by the Vera…

This paper presents an analysis of black-white differences in job shifts based on panel data. Three topics are investigated: (1) whether a person intended to quit (a person's intention to quit); (2) whether or not a person actually quit his job; and (3) whether or not a person was laid off. The outcome of these events is analyzed in relation to…

A study examined the nature and the relative incidence of different forms of underemployment and how and under what conditions underemployment of older workers differed from that of younger workers. Data from May 1979, May 1988, and April 1993 Current Population Surveys (CPSs) for workers aged 50-64 were used. Two categories of underemployed…

A study examined the educational and vocational barriers and opportunities reported by 788 disabled adult clients of the Pennsylvania Office of Vocational Rehabilitation who matriculated in postsecondary education in Pennsylvania between 1980 and 1986. Thirty-six percent (244) of the surveys were returned. Half of the disabled adults matriculating…

Successful transition from trainee status to worker status has been shown to be dependent on three factors: adequate skill training, adequate placement opportunities, and appropriate Job Readiness Posture (JRP). The Vocational Opinion Index Transition System (VOITS) was designed to help trainees develop appropriate Job Readiness Posture during…

This study was conducted to identify factors that affect disadvantaged women in their efforts to gain long-term employment or to complete vocational and technical education programs. Following a review of literature, a questionnaire was prepared and administered to 160 disadvantaged women in Texas. An analysis of the questionnaire responses…

This handbook is a summary of research that was a follow-up to a comprehensive study of women and employment conducted in 1987. In that study, a statewide sample of working women in Missouri was asked about problems ("barriers") they had experienced in relation to work. The data were analyzed in terms of women reporting the most severe…

This report includes annual reports from both the Department of Labor on employment and training requirements, resources, and utilization and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare on facilities utilization and employment and training program coordination. First is a description of the current administration's five basic labor market…

The lives of working-class women were explored through interviews with 63 middle-aged women, most of whom were employed in working-class jobs and living working-class lives in Baltimore, Maryland. The following were among the areas covered in the interviews: the women's lives on and off the job; their job satisfaction; the reasons they work and…