The advanced visualisation and interactive capabilities make immersive virtual reality (IVR) attractive for educators to investigate its educational benefits. This research reviewed 64 studies published in 2016-2020 to understand how science educators designed, implemented, and evaluated IVR-based learning. The immersive design features (sensory,…

From a theoretical perspective, most discussions of statistical learning (SL) have focused on the possible "statistical" properties that are the object of learning. Much less attention has been given to defining what "learning" is in the context of "statistical learning." One major difficulty is that SL research has…

This paper develops a theoretical framework for employing learning analytics in online education to trace multiple learning variations of online students by considering their potential of being multiple intelligences based on Howard Gardner's 1983 theory of multiple intelligences. The study first emphasizes the need to facilitate students as…

The concept of learning styles in education is highly questionable when used to categorize students in particular ways and attempt to match them to corresponding forms of instruction. This paper argues that the various learning modalities called Learning Styles are only cognitive tools that all learners have access to and must use to process…

Music and rhythm have been defined as powerful aids to language learning, memory, and recall. But is this due to structural and motivational properties of instrumental music and songs, or is there a relation between learners' language aptitude and musical intelligence? It seems that everyone who feels motivated to do it is able to learn other…

Two studies used a new paradigm to examine preschool children's (i.e., 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) word learning across multiple sense modalities. In Study 1 (n = 60), children heard a word for an object that they touched but did not see, while word learning was examined using objects that were seen but not touched. In Study 2 (n = 60), children…

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of training, modality, and redundancy on the participants' ability to apply and recall a historical inquiry strategy. An experimental research design was utilized with presentation mode as the independent variable and strategy application and strategy recall as the dependent variables. The…

In 11 North Carolina counties, extension agents interviewed 7 clients per county; 31 new agents were also interviewed. Results show that "doing" is clearly the most preferred learning mode of both groups. Combinations of learning modes were even greater learning enhancers than individual modes. Seeing, doing, and discussing were the most…

This study demonstrated that the modality principle applies to multimedia learning of regular science lessons in school settings. In the first field experiment, 27 Dutch secondary school students (age 16-17) received a self-paced, web-based multimedia lesson in biology. Students who received lessons containing illustrations and narration performed…

This report contains a variety of material. There is first a brief summary of work done under the contract. This is followed by a detailed outline of a graduate seminar entitled "Modern Topics in Measurement and Scaling III." The six major divisions are: (1) introduction and philosophy of measurement; (2) mathematical and axiomatic foundations of…

Much research has focused on cognitive skills in isolation from daily life and from action. However, memory and thinking in daily life are not separate from, but are part of, doing. This study is based on a theoretical framework that encompasses an integrated account of mind in action. This "activity theory" holds that neither mind as such nor…

Blended Learning, a learning facilitation that incorporates different modes of delivery, models of teaching, and learning styles, introduces multiple media to the dialog between the learner and the facilitator. This paper examines online communication as the link between established theory of learning and literature on e-learning in order to…

This paper explains and summarizes the results of a study that investigated the ways in which monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal) twins learn. Their individual learning style elements were specifically investigated according to the Dunn and Dunn model. This paper discusses the themes, unique needs, and characteristics monozygotic…

Although research over the past 20 years has examined the dynamics of student learning, most initial studies focused on how scholastic aptitude tests and teacher rating scales predicted academic success. This study attempts to determine the relationship between scholastic aptitude and three approaches to learning: (1) presage; (2) process; and (3)…

Concludes that children's discourse production is organized according to a schema that is discourse specific but modality general. (FL)