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Elatawy, Safaa M.; Hawa, Doaa M.; Ewees, A. A.; Saad, Abeer M. – Education and Information Technologies, 2020
Sign language is considered as the important communication means among the normal people and the deaf. Therefore, developing communication systems to help those people is an important issue. In this paper, the neutrosophic technique and fuzzy c-means are applied to detect and recognize the alphabet Arabic sign language. The proposed system starts…
Descriptors: Sign Language, Semitic Languages, Alphabets, Pattern Recognition
Pasnak, Robert; Thompson, Brittany N.; Gagliano, Katrina M.; Righi, Matthew T.; Gadzichowski, K. Marinka – Journal of Educational Research, 2019
Knowing what kinds of patterns are easy for children to recognize early in their kindergarten year, and what kinds are difficult, can be a useful guide for patterning instruction. Hence, the ability of children to recognize complex patterns early in their kindergarten year was assessed in two experiments. One experiment showed that the children…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Pattern Recognition, Accuracy
Guan, Connie Qun; Fraundorf, Scott H.; Perfetti, Charles A. – Annals of Dyslexia, 2020
In light of the dramatic growth of Chinese learners worldwide and a need for a cross-linguistic research on Chinese literacy development, this study investigated (a) the effects of character properties (i.e., orthographic consistency and transparency) on character acquisition, and (b) the effects of individual learner differences (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Chinese, Language Acquisition, Pattern Recognition, Alphabets
Liu, Catrina; Chung, Kevin Kien Hoa; Tang, Pui Man – Educational Psychology, 2022
This study investigated the unique contribution of orthographic awareness, letter knowledge, and patterning skills to early literacy and arithmetic competence. A total of 145 third-year kindergarten (K3) children (M[subscript age]: 73.43 months, SD = 5.36; 70 boys, 48%) from Hong Kong participated in this study. Children were assessed on their…
Descriptors: Literacy, Alphabets, Chinese, Reading Processes
McKnight, Patrick E.; Kidd, Julie K.; Gallington, Debbie A.; Strauss, Lauren I.; Lyu, Hao; Gadzichowski, K. Marinka; Pasnak, Robert – Grantee Submission, 2021
This project tested the effects of adding instruction of trios of children in patterning, mathematics, early literacy, or social studies to ongoing instruction in kindergartens. Children were randomly assigned to trios which were randomly assigned to one of four kinds of instruction. A quarter of the trios received patterning instruction with a…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Teaching Methods, Pattern Recognition, Literacy Education
Zhaoping, Li; Frith, Uta – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
It is harder to find the letter "N" among its mirror reversals than vice versa, an inconvenient finding for bottom-up saliency accounts based on primary visual cortex (V1) mechanisms. However, in line with this account, we found that in dense search arrays, gaze first landed on either target equally fast. Remarkably, after first landing,…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Alphabets, Geometric Concepts, Eye Movements
Tydgat, Ilse; Grainger, Jonathan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
In 6 experiments, the authors investigated the form of serial position functions for identification of letters, digits, and symbols presented in strings. The results replicated findings obtained with the target search paradigm, showing an interaction between the effects of serial position and type of stimulus, with symbols generating a distinct…
Descriptors: Experiments, Alphabets, Perception, Pattern Recognition

Kosslyn, Stephen M.; And Others – Cognitive Psychology, 1988
Results of three experiments are reported, which indicate that images of simple two-dimensional patterns are formed sequentially. The subjects included 48 undergraduates and 16 members of the Harvard University (Cambridge, Mass.) community. A new objective methodology indicates that images of complex letters require more time to generate. (TJH)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Pattern Recognition, Research Methodology

Staller, Joshua D.; Lappin, Joseph S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1981
In three experiments, this study addressed two basic questions about the detection of multiletter patterns: (1) How is the detection of a multiletter pattern related to the detection of its individual components? (2) How is the detection of a sequence of letters influenced by the observer's familiarity with that sequence? (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Pattern Recognition

Angiolillo-Bent, Joel S.; Rips, Lance J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1982
Two strings of letters were presented. Subjects were instructed to indicate whether the second string contained the same elements as the first, regardless of position. Reaction time increased with the number of positions that the letters were displaced. Results indicate that order may be an important factor in retrieval from memory. (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Processes, Letters (Alphabet), Memory

McClelland, James L.; Rumelhart, David E. – Psychological Review, 1981
A model of context effects in perception is applied to perception of letters. Perception results from excitatory and inhibitory interactions of detectors for visual features, letters, and words. The model produces facilitation for letters in pronounceable pseudowords as well as words and accounts for rule-governed performance without any rules.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cues, Letters (Alphabet), Literature Reviews
Hendricks, Charlene; Trueblood, Linda; Pasnak, Robert – Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 2006
Seven-year-olds who had difficulty understanding 1st-grade work received one of two forms of small-group instruction. Half of the children were randomly assigned to receive four months of instruction in recognizing, comprehending, and reproducing both logical and arbitrary patterns (sequences) involving numbers, letters, shapes, colors,…
Descriptors: Small Group Instruction, Academic Achievement, Grade 1, Elementary School Students
Koehler, John; And Others – 1971
In this study, eight groups of kindergarten children were trained to discriminate position and order differences in verbal and nonverbal item sequences in the context of a matching task or an associative learning task or both. Transfer was measured by having the subjects sight learn a list of words contrasting in position and order. Subsequently,…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Beginning Reading, Context Clues, Decoding (Reading)
Foley, Mary Ann; Foley, Hugh J. – 1985
Two criteria for the automatic encoding of learning, instructional manipulation, and stimulus characteristics were studied in subjects who judged the frequency of occurrence of words, letters, and nonwords. In Experiment 1, six word lists were constructed with varying frequency of alphabet letters. A variety of instructions were presented (whether…
Descriptors: Advance Organizers, Cognitive Processes, Encoding (Psychology), Incidental Learning