In this case study I reflect on challenges and successes of building relationships with native people before and during my dissertation research. Obstacles encountered include switching from in person recruiting and interviews to online strategies because of the COVID-19 pandemic. I review strategies in building resilience into the research…

In this case, I discuss my progression from ethnography toward multimodal ethnography as a necessary methodology to study multiliterate and multimodal lives. I view daily life, social interactions, and meaning-making practices as inherently multimodal. By multimodal, I mean that individuals continually read, interpret, and create meanings that…

Differences in reading comprehension were examined in students with disabilities after use of three reader modification types. Participants (n=10) conveniently selected from two school districts were students grades three through eight reading on a third grade level that received a reader as a modification in their Individualized Education…