In a sample of 4,035 men and women from a 1963 high school cohort, sex differences in role patterning were found in the timing, ordering, and continuity of educational, occupational, marital, and procreational roles. However, differences in role patterns explained only a small portion of sex differences in occupational attainment. (Author/GC)

Sex role self-concepts and sex role attitudes were studied in relation to four life situations--cohabitation, marriage, the anticipation of a first child, and parenthood. (SS)

Interpersonal sensitivity refers to the perception of the thoughts, feelings and reactions of another person with whom one is interacting. To examine the effects of sex and leader/subordinate role upon interpersonal sensitivity, female, male and mixed-sex dyads (N=72) were first observed in interaction and then asked to complete questionnaires.…

Although both men and women usually name same-sex role models, women are more likely than men to choose models of the opposite sex. The operation of role models and women's achievement patterns has received increased attention from researchers who have assumed that certain groups, i.e., mothers, teachers, operate as role models when attributes of…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between masculinity, feminity, and androgyny and measures of sexual behavior, attitudes and knowledge. Sexual attitudes and knowledge were assessed by use of the Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Test, and sexual behavior was assessed by means of the Sexual Experiences Inventory. Subjects…

Following the reasoning of "expectation states theory", the present study was designed to answer three questions: (1) Is the task orientation of males and females different when they work on a task together? (2) Is the task orientation of males and females working on a task, separately, different? and, (3) If there are differences, will status…

This study examines four hypotheses concerning the nature of fear of success (FOS). Data were gathered in two stages. First, respondents in a large sample survey of metropolitan Detroit area residents were asked to tell a Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) story. In the second stage, white currently-married females aged 18 to 56 whose households…

Whether or not there are sex differences in helping behavior is a question that has attracted interest from both theoretical and applied perspectives. A meta-analysis was conducted of 172 studies of helping behavior, coded for publication date, source, sex of author, sample size, setting, type of appeal for help, availability of other helpers, sex…

A content analysis of college students' essays on their plans for the future revealed sex differences in both content and structure. Essays were coded for the presence or absence, and the order, of career and marriage/family plans. In addition, the certainty of the plans was inferred from the use of contingency and probability qualifiers. The 110…

In the study of status differentiation, two dimensions of status characteristics have received special attention: the specificity-diffuseness dimension and the relevant-irrelevant dimension. A laboratory experiment manipulates a specific status characteristic, ability for "creative writing." Relevancy of the diffuse status characteristic, sex, is…

Investigated the extent to which Swedish couples (N=128) share domestic tasks using a mail survey. Suggests Swedish couples shared household chores more evenly than American couples. Results indicated variables measuring social exchange theory, family life-cycle stage, and socialization had the greatest influence on role sharing behavior.…

A major problem in the study of marital interaction has been the lack of attention to contextual determinants of differences within couples' behavioral exchanges. To compare spouses' control behaviors in overt and ongoing communication as a function of both conflict and intimacy situational contexts, and to analyze the influence of spouse's role,…

The assignment of special roles or specific skills within family units has been of considerable interest to researchers and clinicians. The present study attempted to understand how a variety of social, technical and artistic skills were attributed within families, and how this constellation related to reports of "quality of life" issues. It was…

Investigated sex differences in career plans of graduate students (N=559) completing training in male- and female-dominated professions. Analyses showed clear patterns of sex differences in the feminine professions. Except for child care, the plans of women in male-dominated groups were not significantly different from those of male colleagues.…

Two studies were conducted. The first examined children's assessments of the social desirability of traits which they themselves considered to be either male-or female-stereotyped. It was found that both boys and girls preferred traits which they attributed to their own sex over traits which they attributed to the opposite sex. These findings were…