Pennsylvania's Educational Quality Assessment Program provides each participating school with a building level report in which state percentiles are a prominent part. Multiple matrix sampling was being considered as a technique to reduce testing time. However, there was great concern that the error associated with estimating the school mean might…

The literature on criterion referenced testing is full of discussions concerning whether classical measurement techniques are appropriate, whether variance is necessary, whether new indices of reliability are needed, and the like. What appears to be lacking, however, is a clear and simple discussion of why the problems occur. This paper suggests…

To determine the accuracy of simulated data sets, an investigation was conducted of the effects of item sampling plans in the application of multiple matrix sampling using both simulated and empirical data sets. Although results were similar, empirical data results were more precise. (SLD)