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Rosmann, Michael R.; Mowbray, R. Glenn – 1976
This study examined the effects of different degrees of task structure on leadership between 18 married parents, 18 childless married spouses, and 18 unmarried men and women who comprised newly acquainted couples. Each couple completed three tasks which varied along the dimension of task structure and the order of task presentation. Analysis of…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Group Behavior, Interaction, Leadership
Michaels, James W.; McCulloh, Donna H. – 1976
The relative effectiveness of alternative reward structures in strengthening group performance on a cooperative math task was investigated by operationalizing four reward structure treatments--one non-contingent pay treatment and three differential pay allocation treatments including two levels of inter-group competition and a group piece-rate pay…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Competition, Educational Experiments, Group Activities
Schneider, Benjamin – 1976
This paper presents the view that both individual differences-oriented personnel selection researchers and situationally-oriented organizational behaviorists can profit from an examination of each other's theories and findings. Specifically, it is argued that (1) personnel selection researchers will achieve increased levels of predictive validity…
Descriptors: Ability, Employee Attitudes, Employees, Group Behavior
Terborg, James R.; And Others – 1975
In a longitudinal field experiment, 42 groups were assembled on the factors of individual ability and attitude similarity resulting in a 2 x 2 crossed ANOVA design. These groups then worked on six projects which spanned a three-month time period. For each project, measures of group performance and group cohesion were taken. Analyses showed that…
Descriptors: Ability Grouping, Attitudes, Cohesion (Written Composition), Field Studies
Bodine, Robert L. – 1977
In order to study the effects of cognitive style, task structure, and task setting on student achievement and attitudes, structured and unstructured tasks were presented to students in both group and individual settings. It was postulated that through small group and individual activities an individual may display his/her best cognitive style of…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Cognitive Style, Educational Research, Group Behavior
Slavin, Robert E. – 1975
A review of the literature on cooperative, competitive, and independent reward structures and performance is presented, and conclusions are drawn which reformulate current beliefs about the interaction between reward structure and task structure. A brief theory of reward structure and performance is described, and conditions under which…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Classroom Research, Elementary Secondary Education, Group Behavior

Bloom, Joan R. – Journal of Experimental Education, 1979
The effectiveness of a set of curricular activities and differing group experience in facilitating interdependent task structuring by seventh graders were examined. No significant differences were found among the experimental groups, but they structured the task and behaved more cooperatively than the control group. (Author/MH)
Descriptors: Class Activities, Cooperation, Curriculum Evaluation, Decision Making
Lockheed, Marlaine E. – 1976
Forty male and forty female high school students engaged in a group decision making task in both mixed-and single-sex 4-person groups of strangers. Those subjects who participated in a mixed group were also together in a microteaching class. The study addressed three questions: (1) What are the leadership behaviors of females, and do they differ…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Females, Goal Orientation, Group Behavior
Morrison, Sherry B.; Oxford, Rebecca L. – 1978
This paper reports on an investigation of the interdependent relationship between ecological classroom dimensions and kindergarten students' task-related classroom behaviors, studied independently of personalities or age-group generalizations. Major purposes of the study were: (1) to identify and describe the main action structures observed in the…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Rating Scales, Class Size