The purpose of this study is to explore the children's understanding of moon phase changes. Study methods include qualitative and quantitative methods. The subjects of the study are 683 students from grade three to six in an elementary school in New Taipei City. This study uses the method of writing assessment to explore the ideas of elementary…

Previous research suggests that a student's demographics can impact their experience of a mentoring relationship (e.g. Ortiz-Walters & Gilson, 2005). Mentors play a vital role in helping graduate students achieve their goals by investing in their personal and professional wellbeing (Ghosh & Reio, 2013). Using cross-sectional, self-report…

This study aims to investigate the relationship between pre-service pre-school teachers' life skills and psychological well-being and to determine whether or not various variables related to pre-service pre-school teachers (gender, age, grade level, type of instruction, cumulated grade point average, status of taking course about life skills) and…

Purpose: In 2017 and 2018, engineering applications and design process were given weight to with the updates carried out in the Physical Sciences Lesson Curriculum in Turkey. For the STEM education which is at the center of this update to reach its target, it is highly important that students accurately learn what engineers do, what their work…

In this mixed methods study, we use positioning theory to analyze teachers' professional discussions about students' mathematical work over the course of 60 hours of professional development focusing on a learning trajectory. After identifying a category of speech actions that suggested student learning is limited by their age or grade level, a…

Demographic prediction of juvenile delinquency has been hampered by the heterogeniety of youth samples. In an attempt to correct for sampling bias in predicting juvenile delinquency, 1,689 male and female youths(aged 12 to 19, drawn from a 6 percent systematic, census tract, random sample of Pennsylvania school youths) completed the Youth Needs…

The purpose of this ex post facto study was to explore the interactive relationship among grade level of transition to high school, gender, and grade level of dropping out of high school as factors associated with high school dropout rates. Fifteen schools at each of the most common high school grade spans were studied, for a total of 45 schools.…

In a study of the effects of school structure on heterosexual behavior, self-report data on heterosexual behavior were collected from more than 2,000 sixth through tenth graders in 1978 when their district had a 6-3-3 school structure and in 1979 after the district had changed to a 6-2-2-2 structure. The district was located in a medium-size,…

Grade-equivalent scores are widely used in the school system in reporting students' performance on standardized achievement tests. This paper explores how grade equivalent scores are calculated and interpreted. In addition, the paper examines the limitations of grade-equivalent scores through the use of small heuristic data sets. A…

The investigation reported in this paper was prompted by discrepancies between the published outcomes from two international tests of science achievement: (1) the Second International Assessment of Educational Progress (IAEP2), administered in 1991; and (2) the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), administered in 1995. One…

Students' attitudes and preparation practices regarding standardized tests were studied with students from one elementary school and two middle schools in Atlanta (Georgia). There were 111 fifth graders (35 African American and 76 European American) and 274 eighth graders (204 African American and 70 European American). Students completed a survey…

This study examined what secondary students had learned from the television film "The Day After"--a dramatization of the possibility of nuclear war and its horrible consequences--and how they responded to it emotionally. A pre-test and two post-tests (one administered the day after students viewed "The Day After" and a second…

Training courses for teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) at the elementary and secondary levels, implemented in Brunei in 1989, are described, and proposals for a new teacher certification level are examined. The first course leads to a diploma in elementary/secondary ESL teaching, and is characterized by both written and practical work…

This study investigated construct validity and factorial invariance of a performance assessment of reading comprehension and writing proficiency through a multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) structure using confirmatory factor analysis. The performance assessment was administered to 1,023 fifth and sixth graders. Interrater reliability was examined for…

Characteristics related to help-seeking (perceived competence, motivational orientation, attitudes and beliefs, and age) were examined for 177 children in grades 3, 5, and 7. By grade seven, positive and negative attitudes were influential. Developmental and individual difference factors are discussed in connection with help-seeking and academic…