It is argued that the current theoretical orientation of motor behavior research toward information processing is only at the descriptive level. An outline of requirements for motor behaviorists to discover the mental operations that precede motor performance is presented. It is suggested that unless basic knowledge is obtained on how movement…

The concept of field dependence/independence is defined by the behavior patterns of individuals. Those who use predominantly internal cues when making judgments on perceptual tasks are considered field independent; those who use predominantly external cues are considered field dependent. To test whether field dependence is related to anxiety,…

The sequence of prelinguistic patterns in the infant and young child is described and explained to aid in identifying the nonverbal child's level of signal and symbol communication. Child-object and child-adult interactions are grouped into the following levels (with sample characteristic behaviors in parentheses): sensation (ceasing crying upon…