The effects of a multifaceted counseling program on 22 elementary students enrolled in a remedial reading program were examined. The program featured individual and group counseling, large group exercises, and teacher support and consultation. Individual sessions incorporated play therapy techniques, group counseling involved directed interaction…

Teachers and caregivers understand well how important their role is in the promotion of young children's cognitive development. However, they must also emphasize the development of prosocial behaviors in children, particularly in light of some recent data indicating possible heightened aggression and lack of prosocial interactions among…

This study investigated the inclusion of two children (age 7) in a general education classroom to illustrate the concepts of under inclusion and over inclusion. One child, who was found to be under included, rarely played with classmates on the playground and during "choice time" in class spent most of his time watching other children…

This paper contains four articles that describe the philosophy and outcomes of the Child Development Project (CDP), developed by the Developmental Studies Center in Oakland, California. The first article--"Giving Content to Restructuring: A Social, Ethical, and Intellectual Agenda for Elementary Education," by Marilyn Watson--describes the CDP and…

Ways of enriching the high school English curriculum with instruction in oral communication and career related skills are presented in this paper. The suggestions include activities for developing skills in basic public speaking, listening, social awareness, educational awareness, economic awareness, group discussion, letters of application, job…

This study investigates the validity of the Teacher Performance Assessment Instruments (TPAI) as they relate to the achievement of pupils taught by student teachers. Five separate instruments compose the TPAI: 1) teaching plans, 2) classroom procedures, 3) interpersonal skills, 4) professional standards, and 5) student perceptions. Participating…

This study compared the perceptions of school principals with those of novice teachers regarding beginning teacher competencies. Participants were elementary school principals from Hong Kong and recent graduates from the Hong Kong Institute of Education. Surveys of the two groups indicated that, in general, school principals were satisfied with…

A resource room program was proposed for integrating career education with academic instruction at the elementary level. The curriculum incorporated the following skill areas: survival skills (responsibility, independence, and appropriate behavior); social skills (socially acceptable behavior and interpersonal skills); communication skills…

The paper describes practical strategies to support the integration of children with disabilities into regular classes. Modifications in the classroom that facilitate integration include individualized instructional methods, use of the Adaptive Learning Environments Model, cooperative learning strategies, heterogeneous grouping within the…

Teachers make ethically-related assumptions when designing and implementing classroom management plans. Teacher education programs often promote the practical values of order, prevention, and efficient intervention. It is important that they also stress the value of encouraging social-cognitive development in pro-social directions. This paper…

Noting that becoming familiar with the work system of the kindergarten classroom (a functional system with its own rules and procedures for activities and transition) is important for students' development and well-being, this study examined the work systems in two kindergarten classrooms and children's associated context-specific social…

To determine teachers' reasons for implementing cooperative learning, a study involving classroom observation, teacher interviews, and the use of the Stages of Concern Questionnaire (SCQ) was undertaken. Subjects included eight elementary school teachers and seven secondary school teachers. Each teacher's class contained about 30 students. The…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among teachers' goal orientations, structure (amount of directiveness provided by the teacher), and observable classroom behaviors to determine: (1) if teachers with different goal orientations differ in verbal and nonverbal affective responses; and (2) if teachers with different goal…

This paper discusses the oral and written communication demands of school on children with hearing loss from a script viewpoint, which emphasizes describing the role of actors, actions, props, routines, and possible variations of a given event. The paper first distinguishes among the schema, the script, and the routine. It also considers the role…

A report is given of a statistical analysis of the summary findings of 14 empirical studies on the effectiveness of human relations training programs for teachers. The study sought to determine the direction and size of the effect produced by training, and determine which programs were most effective. Program approaches included: (1) Social…