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Woodson, Robert – Journal of Negro Education, 1989
Asserts that Blacks must do more to solve their own problems through the creation of employment bases, through an emphasis on factors that have contributed to successes within the Black community, and through a greater effort to channel more of society's resources to the problems of low-income people. (MW)
Descriptors: Blacks, Community Responsibility, Economic Development, Economically Disadvantaged
Gaston, John C. – 1987
Blacks have spent much time and energy "filling other people's pockets" (as Margaret Walker has said) but have not addressed the needs of their own community. Black communities are in a state of deterioration for which the treatment must be self-help. In this paper the example of an unhealthy organism is used as a metaphor for prescribing a cure…
Descriptors: Black Community, Black Education, Church Programs, Community Control
Swain, Larry B. – 1989
Rural communities are often dependent upon their agricultural bases, which have undergone drastic changes. For communities to remain viable as economic units certain measures must be taken. Strategic planning can assist communities in assessing their situations and in developing plans and implementation schedules. Initially used in the business…
Descriptors: Citizen Participation, Community Action, Community Change, Community Coordination
Ewert, D. Merrill – 1980
Education has long been a development priority in Africa. The failure and limitations of formal education have led to the emergence of nonformal alternatives of various types. They include extension education, training programs, multipurpose educational programs (for middle-level professionals), cooperative self-help programs (community…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Adult Literacy, Community Development, Community Involvement