Using an outline format accompanied by numerous photographs and sketches, this brochure explores the relationship of "school" to people's conceptions, actions, and physical surroundings, highlighting changes over the past 20 years in Scandinavian school design. Two major conceptual changes are decentralized administration and teaching…

The authors describe many current school design responses to mainstreaming as limited in scope, focusing mainly on barrier free environments. This approach, they suggest, is an incomplete one to a wide range of problems in mainstreaming. An analysis of the literature is seen to demonstrate that barrier free design is casually substituted for the…

A survey of several hundred German students led to two theses on school environment and learning. First, students find school buildings attractive only if they conform to certain features of the human sensory system such as balance. Second, students consider school buildings attractive and inviting only if their architectural message meets such…

This report consists of six papers prepared for the Seventh Annual Conference on Strategies for School Security, which was held January 21-23, 1976 in Knoxville, Tennessee. The papers include "School Security--A Growing Problem," by Charles Trotter, Jr.; "School Violence and Vandalism," by Joseph Grealy; "Identifying Security Problems and Needs,"…

This paper asserts that school buildings have been and continue to be places to warehouse children, and that new schools just do it in more comfortable settings. It suggests that an examination of the way most government agencies handle the business of school design and construction illustrates how the system is designed to systematically weed out…

This paper is a preliminary examination of homologous shifts in U.S. discourses of school architecture and "planning" as they relate to curricular reforms and inventions of new pedagogical techniques. The strategy of discursive analysis uses Michel Foucault's conceptualization of "governmentality" to examine discourses on the…

This mix of presentation graphis, forms, and text presents guidelines for developing a school-district policy for selecting consultants to design and carry out school-building projects. The specific policy presented is that of the Bellevue (Washington) School District. The manual describes how to: (1) develop a written consultant-selection policy;…

Architects need to understand sociology, psychology, philosophy, education, and many other fields in order to plan professional buildings. To illustrate this point, a distinction is drawn between teaching (imparting factual knowledge) and educating (imparting general understanding or basic appreciation of the subjects studied and applying this…

This paper explains what universal design is and is not and discusses slides of various products and environments that embody universal design principles. The paper explains that although the term "universal design" suggests a "one size fits all" approach to designing, quite the opposite is true. Rather, universal designers…

School design is influenced by four major factors: the education program, the community site, education technology, and building technology. Schools of the future are discussed in relation to the factors affecting school design. It is probable that future schools will be involved in a broader spectrum of programs and will serve a more diverse…

Changes in instructional methods and ideologies depend on simultaneous changes in the physical environment for the practice of those methods. School architecture results from the type of activity dictated by educational theories. One of the principal ideologies of education is socialization, which perceives education as a process of preparing…

The Star Schools Program has funded projects to explore innovative educational applications of technology in distance education. Funded projects have applied a variety of technologies, including videodisks, compressed data transmission, fiber optic technology, and computer networks. Program evaluation is a mandated aspect of the program. This…

Introducing architectural concepts to children is a relatively new area of the curriculum for schools, whether elementary schools or high schools. The use of picture books and creative dramatics to encourage children to think about architecture is explored. In a few hours, a fourth-grade class considered the destruction and rebuilding of a…

A checklist and instructions are presented for evaluating the level of accessibility to school buildings, grounds, curricula, technology, and extracurricular activities for students with physical (mobility) disabilities. Legislative mandates (including The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)…