The portfolio management models (PMM) has emerged as an important idea in educational governance over the last decade. In PMM systems, a district or other form of authorizer oversees a collection of independent organizations that operate schools according to their particular philosophy and strategic orientation. Yet underlying the design of PMMs…

Analyzes key problems associated with representation of the intellectual content of digital objects. Presents a framework for analysis based on Peirce's notion of unlimited semiosis. This analysis is based on the assumption that every element in the subject indexing process could be regarded a sign. (AEF)