First five years are identified as a critical period of child growth in scientific literature. In 1998, California voters passed Proposition 10 that appropriated a 50 cent per pack tax on cigarettes and other tobacco products to support early childhood development. As a result, Kern County Children and Families Commission administered over $10…

This paper describes a child/parent center for mothers and preschoolers, the Child in the City Programme, which was developed at the University of Toronto. First, the context within which the center was developed is presented: The neighborhood in which the center is located is considered high risk because of the great degree of social isolation;…

Using a qualitative research approach, the researcher interviewed (over an 11-month period) four black, low-income mothers of children with disabilities concerning their perceptions of empowerment in interactions with professionals from an outreach agency attempting to increase family involvement in the special education process. In previous…