Multitasking which has been reported to occur more frequently in online learning classes compared to traditional face-to-face settings has been found to have negative effects on students' learning. Albeit extensive research has been carried out on the effect of multitasking in education, there is scant research that sheds light on multitasking…

This proposal reports on the theoretical underpinnings and first findings from a five-year longitudinal study (2013-2018) on networked systems in Switzerland. The aim is to assess which conditions lead to a higher functional quality of cooperation between agents in the education sector as well as to assess the possible impact of networked systems…

This paper is about teaching and learning theories; their backgrounds and contemporary understandings expressed by different experts from various countries. It also gives insight into the results of a pilot research of Latvian teachers practitioners about their perceptions, thoughts and ideas about teaching/learning. [For complete volume, see…

Engineering educators are often not familiar with the theories and research findings of educational psychology, adult development, curriculum design, and instruction design. Even the published research in engineering/computing education does not sufficiently leverage this body of knowledge. Often in the educational reports and recommendations by…

Education is not a respected profession because educational practice is not based on a solid body of scientific research and theory. Education is at a prescientific or early scientific stage of development. Attempts by educators to base their practice on behavioral science fail because behaviorism encompasses only a narrow segment of human…

Whereas Maria Montessori believes that humans are born with a divine animating spirit, John Dewey believes that no such spirit exists, and that it is society which shapes the child. Their definitions of education reflect this difference. For Montessori, education is a natural process that develops spontaneously in the human being, and formal…

Education has been in a perpetual state of reform seeking "far reaching changes in weary practices, outmoded assumptions, and long-assumed constraints." This approach must be examined to keep the same old problems from resurfacing and making reform efforts ineffective. Common suggestions for educational reform involve stricter standards,…

This essay explores the characteristic failure of traditional formal educational methods to teach the learner much which will remain for long in that person's memory. It discusses a physiological model of learning/remembering and compares it to some other models and metaphors of cognition. It distinguishes between learning and remembering, and…

Research in cognitive science that can be incorporated into the instructional design process is summarized. Instructional design shares many features common to other types of design, but its models do not support the kinds of cognitive activities necessary for successful design. Assumptions about learning provided by the descriptions of cognitive…

This discussion of the efficacy of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) for advancing adult learning is based on the assumptions underlying pedagogy (child learning) versus andragogy (adult learning). Pedagogy versus andragogy is discussed first with respect to the prevalent design of CAI devices. Other topics covered are assumptions of andragogy…

The paper focuses on problems science educators and researchers must face before the advantage of paradigms can be realized. Examples of the role of paradigms in physics research are presented. A critique of paradigm use in physics is presented. Future variations of paradigms for science education are discussed. (Author/RE)

This brief review of how computers are currently being used and studied in the schools stresses ways in which computers will be used to enhance learning and development, and the need for research on computer learning to consider the multi-functional uses of computers in various contexts, instead of seeing it as a medium with a single effect on…

Social studies educators are encouraged to apply anthropological research to their understanding of classroom dynamics and the learning process. In 11 propositions, the contributions of anthropology to more effective teaching are explored. For each of these propositions, there are a number of relevant research questions to guide classroom…

Noting that researchers in the fields of cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, and linguistics are taking a constructivist view of reading comprehension, this paper undertakes a comparison of that view with views concerning comprehension that have been expressed at the Claremont Reading Conferences over the past 50 years. The first…

The general hypotheses derived from a series of six experiments in instructional theory were as follows: that the individually optimal reading sequence of juxtaposed, but mutally related, prose text depends on learning goal and pre-knowledge; that adult learners are able to approach this reading sequence through their own decisions; and that…