Reorganization was undertaken by the Oakland Unified School District in an effort to improve student achievement. To facilitate the Instructional Strategy Plan, the Instructional Strategy Council was formed which consisted of persons representing business, labor, community, and school employee organizations. Technical Task Teams were established…

The development of an off-campus program at the Science University in Penang, Malaysia, is described in this paper. The author sees this development as a case in which administrators mediated successfully in the development and implementation of an educational policy. The program was designed to provide off-campus study opportunities for employed…

When Sonoma State Hospital, a large residential center for developmentally disabled persons in California, needed to condense nine of its treatment programs to six to meet licensing requirements and adapt to a reduction in population, a committee decided to reorganize according to data in the form of ratings on 66 performance scales from the…

In 1928, the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial granted funds to the University of Cincinnati to establish a child study and parent education program for African-Americans. This paper traces the origin of the idea for this program to a special relationship between the family of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. and Spelman College, an African-American…

Established in 1874, the Interstate Oratorical Association (IOA) represents the nation's oldest competitive collegiate speaking association. It is now composed of collegiate speaking associations in 19 states. Begun by three student members of the Adelphi Society at Knox College, the IOA held its first contest on February 27, 1874 at the Opera…

The relative rigidity of instructional method, the intensity of supervision, and the size of instructional group are the three variables investigated in a study of students' feelings towards their preservice teaching experiences. Approximately 250 education students were queried regarding the kind and amount of supervision they were accorded…

This paper describes the growth and outlines the place of education in the management of nonprofit organizations in the United States. The discussion of nonprofit management education focuses on education in the formal sector, at the graduate level. There are more than 1.5 million nonprofit organizations in the United States, nearly double the…

Measures were proposed that would enable UNICEF, in association with others and despite prevailing difficult economic circumstances, to more effectively bring well-being and hope to hundreds of millions of children. Specific proposals were designed to help most countries accelerate child survival and development. Most particularly, it was…

While the initial phases of instructional program development are heavily dependent on knowledge sources outside the classroom, knowledge developed in the classroom by the individual teacher is usually vital to program implementation. Interviews with teachers, principals, and district administrators connected with four urban elementary schools…

Several aspects of unplanned system change in schools are investigated in this paper. Researchers relied heavily on current theoretical perspectives on the nature of educational systems, particularly those that emphasize the "loosely coupled" nature of educational organizations. Two hypotheses were tested. The first is that natural…

This study considers the implementation of parent choice and parent information in the Alum Rock demonstration as a case study in organizational response to innovation. Analysis of the implementation process focuses on two dimensions: the division of the implementation process into three phases--initiation, implementation, and…

Many organizations assign responsibility for planning, administering, and coordinating programs of training for their employees or members to a specialist whose title is usually director of education or training. Not much is known, however, about the process by which that role emerges. By studying the way training evolves in organizations where…

Although it is not without flaws, decentralization of the school administration--returning decision-making power to school principals and classroom teachers--can contribute to a return to humanistic education and to the elimination of assembly-line education. Researchers, curriculum developers, and educational publishers can help in this movement…

The Health Systems Agencies created to plan and coordinate the development of health care systems in 205 health service areas across the states have a need to be legitimized and operationalized in community contexts in order to achieve their purpose. Community psychologists have both research and consultation roles to play in contributing to…

A study examined the level of importance and the level of implementation of management functions and activities in agricultural teacher education programs as perceived by program leaders and program staff. One hundred respondents (one program leader and one program staff member from each of fifty four-year institutions throughout the United…