Learning to read English requires learning the complex statistical dependencies between orthography and phonology. Previous research has focused on how these statistics are learned in neural network models provided with as much training as needed. Children, however, are expected to acquire this knowledge in a few years of school with only limited…

Speech and language development in children are crucial for ensuring effective skills in their long-term learning ability. A child's vocabulary size at the time of entry into kindergarten is an early indicator of their learning ability to read and potential long-term success in school. The preschool classroom is thus a promising venue for…

Dyslexia and other learning disabilities are not being properly recognized and treated in our educational system or society at large. Unrecognized and untreated learning disabilities represent a serious social and economic problem, not only to the individual but to society as a whole. For example, antisocial behavior, as seen in prison populations…

Perspectives from reading and information fields have identified similar skills belong to two different kind of literacy being online reading abilities and ICT skills. It causes a conflict between two research fields and increase difficult of integrating study results. The purpose of this study was to determine which views are suitable for…

A new leadership model is needed in all organizations. In response, The Affect-Centered Transformational Leadership Model came about. The new model resulted from a doctoral student's participation in a leadership course, and continued dialogue with its professor. Ultimately, the new model reached the stage of needing to be operationalized. A…

This paper analyzes the influence of three different learning paradigms for learning literacy--formalist, cognitive-processing, and literacy practices--on the implementation of the Common Core State Standards. It argues that the Common Core State Standards are based largely on a formalist paradigm as evident in the emphasis on teaching text…

The present study was undertaken to find ways to help bilingual preservice teachers become more aware of diversity and more questioning of methods for literacy development in order to address issues of critical literacy. Twenty-five bilingual preservice teachers, enrolled in a Spanish Reading Methods at the university tutored 25 kindergarten…

This paper proposes a model of microcounseling training for increasing the ability of the reading instructor to be a facilitative interviewer when working with students. The microcounseling training model is based on five essential propositions: that it is possible to lessen the complexity of the counseling or interviewing process through focusing…

This slide presentation outlines one state's (Utah) version of implementation of a model for literacy learning under the Reading Excellence Act (REA). According to the presentation, the model is called "The Utah Reads K-3 Literacy Model." The presentation is divided into the following sections: Utah's Vision: What We've Learned So Far;…

This paper suggests a sequence of requisite skills for the identification of main ideas including identifying the key words or topic of a sentence, identifying the key words or topic of a paragraph, identifying the topic sentence of a paragraph, recognizing an explicitly stated main idea of a paragraph, recalling an explicitly stated main idea,…

Sixty skilled and 60 less-skilled readers were tested for oral reading skills at the end of one, two, and three years of reading instruction, to study the acquisition of reading fluency. A 3 x 2 x 3 ANOVA was used to analyze the influence of years of practice and instruction, reading skill, and levels of word accuracy on oral reading fluency.…

Information processing models indicate that learning occurs in the interaction of three systems: perceptual (receiving information), memory (selective storing of information), and performance (using the processed information). The three systems working together affect each other and together demonstrate learning. Reading, then, is the organization…

A study was conducted to determine whether a particular definition or definitions of reading comprehension were widely held by teachers at the elementary and secondary school levels. One hundred forty-seven teachers responded to a questionnaire ranking eight definitions of reading comprehension from most agreeable to least agreeable. The…

Presented at the Montgomery County (PA) Intermediate Unit Conference on Learning Disabilities in the Secondary Schools, 1975, the paper presents a review of the literature on reading problems of learning disabled secondary students. Aspects covered include identification issues in learning disabilities, models of the reading process and of…

Combining goals from Teacher Corps and Individually Guided Education Programs, this paper presents seven mutually exclusive goals for teachers of middle school reading programs. They are: teachers will learn to conduct a needs assessment; teachers will involve parents and the community; teachers will use multicultural considerations in the reading…