This document reports on the proceedings of a meeting held June 16-17, 2016 in Arlington Virginia to identify key opportunities and challenges around the creation and use of open educational resources (OER). The meeting brought together different groups within the community of education researchers and practitioners to discuss the opportunities and challenges they face in the development and use of open educational resources OERs. After a short description of the background context for the meeting and its organization, there is a section on the major topical areas of discussion and the associated research questions and infrastructure needs identified by the attendees. The meeting allowed ample time for attendees to explore mutual areas of interest and to identify common issues regarding the use of OERs. Attendees honed in on six major themes: Professional Learning, Impact on Teaching, Impact on Learning, Policy and Procurement, Curation and Quality, and Accessibility. Small group discussions around each of these topics ensued. Specific research questions were offered for discussion for each topic area. The meeting included a time to hear from program officers about potential U.S. Department of Education (ED), Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS), and National Science Foundation (NSF) funding opportunities. Immediate feedback during and after the meeting was that all participants appreciated the opportunity to work with people they would not normally engage with to exchange ideas, issues, and opportunities. Looking forward, the areas of interest and research identified and articulated by participants in the workshop suggest the need for continued work and partnerships in these areas. In some cases, it was clear that there are specific research and implementation projects that would be the logical next step. In many others, it was clear that the next steps would be additional convenings, workshops or summits to focus more specifically in these areas. The paper concludes with a summary of potential next steps for the community. Appendixes include the final meeting agenda and a list of participants.