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Download full textNinuk Indrayani; Bambang Yudi Cahyono; Nur Mukminatien; Francisca Maria Ivone – rEFLections, 2024
Self-Directed Informal Digital Learning of English (SD-IDLE) plays a crucial role in informal language learning. This study aims to examine the SD-IDLE nature of English learning among Indonesian university students and its impact on language learning and personal development. The research used a sequential explanatory mixed methods design,…
Descriptors: Independent Study, Informal Education, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Wang, Chao; Yan, Jiaolan; Liu, Bao – English Language Teaching, 2014
Based on Bailey's washback model, in respect of participants, process and products, the present empirical study was conducted to find the actual washback effects of the internet-based College English Test Band 4 (IB CET-4). The methods adopted are questionnaires, class observation, interview and the analysis of both the CET-4 teaching and testing…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, College Students
