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Javid, Choudhary Z.; Al-thubaiti, Turki S.; Uthman, Awwadh – English Language Teaching, 2013
It is reported that language learning is a creative and dynamic process and the learners are active partners in this process. This trend in language teaching motivated the researchers to investigate the learners' individual differences and the identification of language learning strategies (LLS) has become a major area of interest in this regard…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language), Majors (Students)
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Goll, Paulette S. – Education, 2011
"Literacy Strategies: Variations on a Theme" presents pedagogical variations on Robert Marzano's Six Steps to Better Vocabulary Instruction to enhance the acquisition of TOEFL [Test of English as a Foreign Language] vocabulary words by international student instrumentalists. Strategies to integrate proprioceptive [spatial body awareness]…
Descriptors: Literacy Education, Teaching Methods, Vocabulary Development, Foreign Students
Henning, Grant – 1991
Criticisms of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) have included speculation that the listening test places too much burden on short-term memory as compared with comprehension, that a knowledge of reading is required to respond successfully, and that many items appear to require mere recall and matching rather than higher-order…
Descriptors: Adults, Auditory Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Educational Assessment