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Download full textIto, Fumihiko – Online Submission, 2009
Background: It has been hypothesized that L2 (second language) readers are not able to draw on their L1 (first language) reading skills for the successful development of L2 reading skills until they develop a certain proficiency in L2 because a lack of proficiency blocks transfer of L1 reading skills to the reading of L2 texts. This minimum degree…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Linguistics, Second Languages, Writing Tests
Kroll, Barbara – RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research in Southeast Asia, 1991
The topic development process for the Educational Testing Service's Test of Written English (TWE) is described, along with the work of the Core Reader group and the procedures for reading and scoring the TWE. The TWE scoring guide (revised 2/90) is appended. (Contains 20 references.) (Author/LB)
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Language Proficiency, Language Tests
