Learning does not happen immediately; it takes time and effort. Thus, patience is a virtue required for any type of successful learning. Given the increasing prevalence of online learning, understanding students' patience is necessary to devise ways to sustain it. In this study, we define online learning patience as the ability to steadily…

Strategy instruction during reading can aid metacomprehension producing higher judgement of learning (JOL) and prediction of performance (POP). In contrast, verbal working memory (WM) limitations cause metacognitive deficits and lengthy expository texts impose greater cognitive load. However, impact of cognitive factors and reading lengthy…

This study investigates how task complexity affects native speakers' and second language (L2) learners', and experts' perceptions of task difficulty in writing tasks. It also explores how task complexity influences English native speakers' and L2 learners' linguistic complexity in their writing. Ninety participants performed one simple and one…

L2 extensive reading (ER) research primarily studies intermediate and upper-intermediate learners, but few studies investigate beginners. This study addresses this gap by reporting on beginner Japanese as Foreign Language (JFL) learners' attempts to do ER according to Waring and McLean's (2015) ER principles. In this study, 13 second-semester…

Research has been conducted on the science of reading and how students learn to read. This knowledge has not increased reading achievement in middle school. Reading scores in grades 6-8 across America are declining. The gap for students with disabilities is widening. Luhmann's Systems Theory provided a framework for understanding an organization…

The Three Basic Dimensions model, theorizes three mediators for the effect of teaching quality dimensions on student outcomes. However, the proposed mediating paths and their effects have largely not been empirically tested. This study investigated the mediating role of depth of-processing, time-on-task, and need satisfaction between…

Aim/Purpose: This study aimed to identify primary school teachers' perceptions of leveraging social media-based microlearning to improve students' English-speaking abilities. Background: The value of social media as an effective educational tool for English language learning has been recognized by educators in higher education in China. However,…