The pedagogical approach--Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)--has been widely adopted around the globe with its dual aims of developing students' second language (L2) proficiency and mastering content knowledge simultaneously. However, its effectiveness remains inconsistent. This inconsistency has led researchers to call for an…

Background: Despite the focus of many global education systems on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, research on teachers' concerns about this relatively new educational phenomenon remains scarce. Purpose: This study used the concerns-based adoption model as the theoretical framework to examine the primary concerns…