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Download full textLivingston, Samuel A. – Educational Testing Service, 2014
This booklet grew out of a half-day class on equating that author Samuel Livingston teaches for new statistical staff at Educational Testing Service (ETS). The class is a nonmathematical introduction to the topic, emphasizing conceptual understanding and practical applications. The class consists of illustrated lectures, interspersed with…
Descriptors: Equated Scores, Scoring, Self Evaluation (Individuals), Scores
Tannenbaum, Richard J.; Katz, Irvin R. – Educational Testing Service, 2008
This report documents a standard-setting study to determine recommended minimum scores (cut scores) needed on the Core and Advanced iSkills[TM] assessments for examinees to be considered at a foundational level of ICT literacy skill. Two foundational levels--one for each iSkills assessment--had been specified previously by the National ICT…
Descriptors: Standard Setting (Scoring), Measures (Individuals), Information Literacy, Cutting Scores
Chodorow, Martin; Burstein, Jill – Educational Testing Service, 2004
This study examines the relation between essay length and holistic scores assigned to Test of English as a Foreign Language[TM] (TOEFL[R]) essays by e-rater[R], the automated essay scoring system developed by ETS. Results show that an early version of the system, e-rater99, accounted for little variance in human reader scores beyond that which…
Descriptors: Essays, Test Scoring Machines, English (Second Language), Student Evaluation
