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Irene Acosta-Manzano; Elvira Barrios; Jorge García-Mata – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
This study investigated the relationship between Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE), Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety (FLCA), Out-of-Class Foreign Language Use (OCFLU) and learner factors (FL and FL proficiency level). Participants were 611 foreign language (FL) learners aged 16-72 at Spanish Official Language Schools. An online questionnaire was…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Anxiety, Likert Scales
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Jee, Min Jung – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2016
This study investigated Korean heritage language (KHL) learners' foreign language classroom anxiety, reading anxiety and writing anxiety using the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) by Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope, the Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS) by Saito, Garza and Horwitz and the Writing Apprehension Test (WAT) by…
Descriptors: Korean, Heritage Education, Anxiety, Correlation