This study fills a gap with TPACK instrumentation by validating a survey instrument for use specifically with secondary mathematics in-service teachers in the United States using an instrument originally developed in Australia (Handal et al., 2012). A comparable national sample was surveyed in the U.S. to the original Australian instrumentation…

The integration of technology into science teaching by pre-service science teachers and their self-efficacy in using technology in their teaching practices are important issues for science education. The purpose of this study is to develop an Educational Robotics Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (ER-TPACK) self-efficacy scale based on a…

Although studies investigating online learning and teaching have proliferated recently, one area that has been underexplored is foreign language teachers' readiness to incorporate the flipped classroom into their repertoire at the K-12 level. Accordingly, the present study aims to provide an instrument to assess K-12 foreign language teachers'…

Within the realm of teaching middle and high school mathematics, the ability to teach mathematics effectively using various forms of technology is now more important than ever, as expressed by the recent development of the Common Core State Standards for Mathematical Practice. This article presents the development process and the results from 15…