Students usually procrastinate, which might increase anxiety levels and decrease test scores. Previous studies used between-groups comparisons to explore ways to deter procrastination, a design that did not allow analyses of individual procrastination patterns. In the present two studies, college students' individual self-regulation and…

An exam wrapper is a reflective exercise completed after an exam, designed to help foster students' metacognition and self-regulation. Typical exam wrappers ask students how they studied, what they missed and why, and how they would change their study behaviors to improve on the next exam. In small classes, exam wrappers can be administered as…