Various definitions of academic freedom have been put forward. For many people, this concept can have several meanings. Outside the university context there is some suspicion around the idea of academic freedom, which is seldom understood even by academics. Nevertheless, to promote the growth and dissemination of knowledge the concept of…

Drawing on upper echelon theory, we investigate whether university deans' personal characteristics, including age, sex, educational background, and tenure are associated with their use of university management control systems (MCS), financial performance measures, and non-financial performance measures. We surveyed the dean of every faculty across…

This study examines the role of community college presidents as the two-year institution faces changing and expanding issues and challenges. The author argues that the community college president must be adept at assembling a leadership team if he/she is going to be an effective administrator. The study utilized a cross-sectional design and…