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Mix, Daniel F.; Tao, Shuqin – AERA Online Paper Repository, 2017
Purposes: This study uses think-alouds and cognitive interviews to provide validity evidence for an online formative assessment--i-Ready Standards Mastery (iSM) mini-assessments--which involves a heavy use of innovative items. iSM mini-assessments are intended to help teachers determine student understanding of each of the on-grade-level Common…
Descriptors: Formative Evaluation, Computer Assisted Testing, Test Validity, Student Evaluation
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Evensen, Lars Sigfred; Berge, Kjell Lars; Thygesen, Ragnar; Matre, Synnove; Solheim, Randi – Curriculum Journal, 2016
The Berge et al. article in this volume presents the functional construct of writing that underlies summative and formative assessment of writing as a key competency in Norway. A functional construct implies that specific acts of writing and their purposes constrain what is a relevant selection among the semiotic resources that writing generally…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Academic Standards, Writing Evaluation, Evaluation Methods