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Zhang, Thérèse – European University Association, 2022
The report analyses major and recent national policies and initiatives aiming to support the enhancement of learning and teaching in 30 countries of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). In a context where learning and teaching has gained increased attention in the EHEA and the Bologna Process, and at the same time higher education…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Learning Processes, Public Policy, Student Mobility
Johnson, Martin; Majewska, Dominika – Cambridge University Press & Assessment, 2022
This review uses research literature to outline the characteristics, benefits and disadvantages of formal, non-formal, and informal learning. There appears to be a consensus around the meanings of formal and informal learning. Formal learning broadly aligns with organised, institutionalised learning models (such as learning seen in schools),…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Informal Education, Models, Educational Cooperation
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Hautala, Johanna; Schmidt, Suntje – Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 2019
Many geographers graduating from universities enter an international and project-based professional life, which includes working in geographically dispersed project teams. In Europe, the Bologna process aligned study programs and supported student mobility to prepare students for such a work environment. However, research on higher education has…
Descriptors: Geography Instruction, Learning Processes, Cooperative Learning, Student Research