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Ahmadi Shirazi, Masoumeh – SAGE Open, 2019
Threats to construct validity should be reduced to a minimum. If true, sources of bias, namely raters, items, tests as well as gender, age, race, language background, culture, and socio-economic status need to be spotted and removed. This study investigates raters' experience, language background, and the choice of essay prompt as potential…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Language Tests, Test Bias, Essay Tests
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Doyle, Michael S. – Hispania, 2017
Business Spanish typically teaches the vocabulary, content, and context of the functional areas of business, and how to conduct business in a cultural setting. But it should do more than just that. Leadership with integrity should be primed and personalized as a signature and integrative core value that frameworks any ensuing learning of the…
Descriptors: Spanish, Business Communication, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Kartchava, Eva; Ammar, Ahlem – Language Teaching Research, 2014
This quasi-experimental study investigated the noticeability and effectiveness of three corrective feedback (CF) techniques (recasts, prompts and a combination of the two) delivered in the language classroom. The participants were four groups of high-beginner college level francophone learners of English as a second language (ESL) (n = 99) and…
Descriptors: Error Correction, Feedback (Response), Teaching Methods, Second Language Learning
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Zhang, Mo; Breyer, F. Jay; Lorenz, Florian – ETS Research Report Series, 2013
In this research, we investigated the suitability of implementing "e-rater"® automated essay scoring in a high-stakes large-scale English language testing program. We examined the effectiveness of generic scoring and 2 variants of prompt-based scoring approaches. Effectiveness was evaluated on a number of dimensions, including agreement…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Computer Software, Scoring, Language Tests
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Weigle, Sara Cushing – ETS Research Report Series, 2011
Automated scoring has the potential to dramatically reduce the time and costs associated with the assessment of complex skills such as writing, but its use must be validated against a variety of criteria for it to be accepted by test users and stakeholders. This study addresses two validity-related issues regarding the use of e-rater® with the…
Descriptors: Scoring, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Automation
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Lee, Yong-Won; Breland, Hunter; Muraki, Eiji – ETS Research Report Series, 2004
This study has investigated the comparability of computer-based testing (CBT) writing prompts in the Test of English as a Foreign Language™ (TOEFL®) for examinees of different native language backgrounds. A total of 81 writing prompts introduced from July 1998 through August 2000 were examined using a three-step logistic regression procedure for…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Computer Assisted Testing