Educational leaders across the country are catching on to the idea that traditional grading practices and standardized tests do not adequately capture the scope of what young people know and can do. These schools and districts are experimenting with new models for assessing learning and communicating results with students and families. This project aimed to unearth promising practices in the evaluation of student learning that more thoroughly reflects the breadth and specificity of learning outcomes that our society expects from schools, and that students want for themselves. This report identifies promising practices for addressing the shortcomings of prevailing evaluation structures, along with tools and approaches, applications, and evidence-based recommendations. The authors looked at case studies of five U.S. schools and districts currently implementing innovative student evaluation systems. The authors apply the framework both to describe and analyze specific categories of traditional and non-traditional evaluation approaches and also to illustrate how the five case study schools and districts designed and implemented innovative student evaluation systems. [This project was made possible with funding from The Civic Affairs Trust.]