This study explored the effect of two planning conditions [the simultaneous use of rehearsal and careful online planning (ROP), and the careful online planning alone (OP)] on L2 production complexity and accuracy and the subsequent development of these two linguistic areas in the context of text-based synchronous computer-mediated communication.…

In accord with the general program of researching factors relating to ultimate attainment and maturational constraints in adult language acquisition, this commentary highlights the importance of input differences in amount, type, and setting between naturalistic and classroom learners of an L2. It is suggested that these variables are often…

This study assessed, in a sample of 98 adult native speakers of Dutch, how their lexical skills and their speaking proficiency varied as a function of their age and level of education and profession (EP). Participants, categorized in terms of their age (18-35, 36-50, and 51-76 years old) and the level of their EP (low versus high), were tested on…

Argues that accuracy orders in morpheme acquisition by adult second language learners can be predicted by a model of morpheme classification, the 4-M model. The model identifies four types of morphemes; content morphemes, early system morphemes, and two types of late system morphemes. (Author/VWL)

Examines the assumptions behind three attempts to introduce formulaic language into second language teaching. Contextualizes the discussion by briefly outlining the nature of formulaic language as a phenomenon. (Author/VWL)