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Ito, Kyoko; Sykes, Robert C.; Yao, Lihua – Applied Measurement in Education, 2008
Reading and Mathematics tests of multiple-choice items for grades Kindergarten through 9 were vertically scaled using the three-parameter logistic model and two different scaling procedures: concurrent and separate by grade groups. Item parameters were estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology while fixing the grade 4 population…
Descriptors: Grades (Scholastic), Markov Processes, Mathematics Tests, Item Response Theory