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Clauser, Jerome C.; Clauser, Brian E.; Hambleton, Ronald K. – Applied Measurement in Education, 2014
The purpose of the present study was to extend past work with the Angoff method for setting standards by examining judgments at the judge level rather than the panel level. The focus was on investigating the relationship between observed Angoff standard setting judgments and empirical conditional probabilities. This relationship has been used as a…
Descriptors: Standard Setting (Scoring), Validity, Reliability, Correlation
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Phillips, Gary W. – Applied Measurement in Education, 2015
This article proposes that sampling design effects have potentially huge unrecognized impacts on the results reported by large-scale district and state assessments in the United States. When design effects are unrecognized and unaccounted for they lead to underestimating the sampling error in item and test statistics. Underestimating the sampling…
Descriptors: State Programs, Sampling, Research Design, Error of Measurement