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Hu, Xiaoyi; Lee, Gabrielle – Behavioral Disorders, 2019
Effective strategies to address communication and behavior challenges are critical in early intervention programs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on vocal mands and aggressive behavior displayed by a child with autism in China. One 4-year-old boy with autism participated…
Descriptors: Pictorial Stimuli, Behavior Modification, Communication Skills, Verbal Operant Conditioning
Losinski, Mickey; Cook, Katie; Hirsch, Shanna; Sanders, Sara – Behavioral Disorders, 2017
In the past decade, the number of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has steadily increased. A common characteristic of ASD is the presence of stereotypical behaviors (e.g., hand flapping, echolalia), which some have suggested may be associated with heightened arousal and/or anxiety. The purpose of this study is to compare…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Behavior Problems, Therapy
Bruhn, Allison L.; Balint-Langel, Kinga; Troughton, Leonard; Langan, Sean; Lodge, Kelsey; Kortemeyer, Sara – Behavioral Disorders, 2015
For years, the assumption has been that stereotypical behaviors functioned only to provide sensory or automatic reinforcement. However, these behaviors also may serve social functions. Given the unsettled debate, functional behavior assessment and functional analysis can be used to identify the exact function of stereotypical behavior and design…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Antisocial Behavior, Intervention, Behavior Modification
Casey, Sean D.; Merical, Cheryl L. – Behavioral Disorders, 2006
Functional communication training (FCT) is an intervention frequently used for students with developmental disabilities to reduce problematic behaviors and to increase prosocial behaviors. This intervention appears to be very effective when the communication responses trained are matched to the function of the student's problematic behaviors. In…
Descriptors: Intervention, Negative Reinforcement, Inclusive Schools, Developmental Disabilities

Smith, Donald E. P. – Behavioral Disorders, 1981
Consistent, unemotional use of timeout, without ancillary punishers, is shown to result in typical extinction curves (rather than the steeper gradient of punishment curves) for both autistic and mentally impaired children with widely different abrasive behaviors. Dangers of punishment and the therapeutic value of reduced environmental stimulation…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Environmental Influences

Kennedy, Craig H.; Shukla, Smita – Behavioral Disorders, 1995
This article surveys the past 35 years of social interaction research relating to autism. Ways in which understanding social deficits in autism has influenced attempts to analyze and ameliorate problem behaviors are discussed, and emerging concepts relating to social interaction are examined, including the importance of maintaining social…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Elementary Secondary Education
Conroy, Maureen A.; Asmus, Jennifer M.; Ladwig, Crystal N.; Sellers, Jennifer A.; Valcante, Greg – Behavioral Disorders, 2004
In this study the authors examined the descriptive effects of adult proximity on the behaviors of six elementary-aged students with autism spectrum disorders served in general education settings. A descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the effects of adult proximity on the rate of challenging behaviors and academic engagement. In…
Descriptors: General Education, Proximity, Autism, Student Behavior