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A Milestone Study: Structured Variability as the Key to Unraveling (Contact-Induced) Language Change
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Cacoullos, Rena Torres – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
Despite increasing attention to bilingualism--conferences, publications, grants--linguists are as far as ever from reaching consensus. Is code-switching the alternation between two equally activated languages or is it the insertion of elements from a source language into a recipient language? Can and should we distinguish borrowing and…
Descriptors: Linguistic Borrowing, Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Grammar
Benchmark Varieties and the Individual Speaker: Indispensable Touchstones in Studies on Language Contact
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Elsig, Martin – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
The authors of "Phrase-final prepositions in Quebec French: An empirical study of contact, code-switching and resistance to convergence", Poplack, Zentz & Dion (2011, this issue), henceforth cited as PZD, make a strong case for showing that, in spite of surface similarities, preposition stranding in Canadian French relative clauses…
Descriptors: Linguistic Borrowing, Sociolinguistics, Form Classes (Languages), Foreign Countries
Phrase-Final Prepositions in Quebec French: An Empirical Study of Contact, Code-Switching and Resistance to Convergence
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Ormel, Ellen; Hermans, Daan; Knoors, Harry; Verhoeven, Ludo – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
In this study, we investigate whether preposition stranding, a stereotypical non-standard feature of North American French, results from convergence with English, and the role of bilingual code-switchers in its adoption and diffusion. Establishing strict criteria for the validation of contact-induced change, we make use of the comparative…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, French, Bilingualism, North American English
Bilingual First Language Acquisition at the Interface between Syntax and Pragmatics.
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Hulk, Aafke; Muller, Natascha – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2000
Suggests that in acquiring two languages from birth, bilingual children separate their grammars from very early on. Focuses on the acquisition of syntax in a generative framework. Argues that cross-linguistic influence can occur if an interface level between two modules of grammar is involved, and the two languages overlap at the surface level…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Cognitive Processes, Grammar, Linguistic Borrowing
Functional Convergence in the Tense, Evidentiality and Aspectual Systems of Quechua Spanish Bilinguals
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Sanchez, Liliana – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2004
In this paper, I present an exploratory study on cross-linguistic interference among Quechua-Spanish bilingual children living in a language contact situation. The study focuses on convergence in the tense, aspectual and evidentiality systems of the two languages. While in Quechua past tense features are strongly linked to evidentiality in the…
Descriptors: Linguistic Borrowing, Grammar, Monolingualism, Interference (Language)
Single-Language and Code-Switching Strategies in Immigrant and Heritage Varieties: Spanish Subject Personal Pronouns in Toribio's Cross-Modal Hypothesis
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Otheguy, Ricardo – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2004
In an important theoretical contribution to our understanding of language contact, Toribio elaborates on the familiar generalization, best known from the work of Silva-Corvalan, that contact varieties resemble monolingual lects of the same language in overall grammar, but differ with regard to (a) the selection of structures and (b) the…
Descriptors: Linguistic Borrowing, Semantics, Monolingualism, Bilingualism