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Hirano, Yoshiyuki; Obata, Takayuki; Takahashi, Hidehiko; Tachibana, Atsumichi; Kuroiwa, Daigo; Takahashi, Toru; Ikehira, Hiroo; Onozuka, Minoru – Brain and Cognition, 2013
In recent years, chewing has been discussed as producing effects of maintaining and sustaining cognitive performance. We have reported that chewing may improve or recover the process of working memory; however, the mechanisms underlying these phenomena are still to be elucidated. We investigated the effect of chewing on aspects of attention and…
Descriptors: Accuracy, Arousal Patterns, Stimuli, Reaction Time
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Wallentin, Mikkel; Kristensen, Line Burholt; Olsen, Jacob Hedeager; Nielsen, Andreas Hojlund – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The brain's frontal eye fields (FEF), responsible for eye movement control, are known to be involved in spatial working memory (WM). In a previous fMRI experiment (Wallentin, Roepstorff & Burgess, Neuropsychologia, 2008) it was found that FEF activation was primarily related to the formation of an object-centered, rather than egocentric, spatial…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Short Term Memory, Brain, Spatial Ability
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Breitberg, Alaina; Drevets, Wayne C.; Wood, Suzanne E.; Mah, Linda; Schulkin, Jay; Sahakian, Barbara J.; Erickson, Kristine – Brain and Cognition, 2013
Glucocorticoid administration has been shown to exert complex effects on cognitive and emotional processing. In the current study we investigated the effects of glucocorticoid administration on attention towards emotional words, using an Affective Go/No-go task on which healthy humans have shown an attentional bias towards positive as compared to…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Reaction Time, Short Term Memory
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De Kleine, Elian; Van der Lubbe, Rob H. J. – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Learning movement sequences is thought to develop from an initial controlled attentive phase to a more automatic inattentive phase. Furthermore, execution of sequences becomes faster with practice, which may result from changes at a general motor processing level rather than at an effector specific motor processing level. In the current study, we…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Short Term Memory, Familiarity, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
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Correa, Angel; Miro, Elena; Martinez, M. Pilar; Sanchez, Ana I.; Lupianez, Juan – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Cognitive deficits in fibromyalgia may be specifically related to controlled processes, such as those measured by working memory or executive function tasks. This hypothesis was tested here by measuring controlled temporal preparation (temporal orienting) during a response inhibition (go no-go) task. Temporal orienting effects (faster reaction…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Yan, Xiaodan; Zhang, Jiaxing; Gong, Qiyong; Weng, Xuchu – Brain and Cognition, 2011
With an increasing population living at a high altitude (HA), the impact of HA residence on human cognitive function has raised concerns. We recruited two groups of college students with one group born and grew up at HA until early adulthood and the control group born and grew up at near sea level (SL); the two groups were matched at age, gender…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Reaction Time, Physiology, Short Term Memory
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Van Gerven, Pascal W.M.; Meijer, Willemien A.; Jolles, Jelle – Brain and Cognition, 2007
In this experimental study, effects of age and education on switching focal attention in working memory were investigated among 44 young (20-30 years) and 40 middle-aged individuals (50-60 years). To this end, a numeric n-back task comprising two lag conditions (1- and 2-back) was administered within groups. The results revealed a comparable…
Descriptors: Attention, Short Term Memory, Reaction Time, Age Differences