Traces the 20-year development of the Cree Way Project in Waskaganish, Quebec, which now provides total Cree immersion from preschool through grade 4, trilingual instruction (Cree, English, and French) in upper elementary and secondary grades, culturally adapted curriculum and teaching methods, and extensive culture-based education, including…

Thirteen Kaska Elders took a leading role in a University of British Columbia Kaska language course held in three locations in Kaska territory in the Yukon. The elders conducted a variety of cultural activities, and entire families participated, creating an environment in which the language was constantly spoken and relevant to the activities.…

Revitalization of the Nishinaabeg language started in 1998 with the development of language materials. A committee on Nishinaabemwin orthography advised on the development of the text and writing system. Teaching methods follow the four parts of Medicine Wheel teachings: spiritual, emotional, physical, and mental. An interactive hockey game and a…

Personal life experiences and metaphors illustrate how the Sto:lo people's world view is reflected in their Halq'emeylem language, in which identity, language, and place are inextricably interconnected. A brief comparison of Native and Western world views demonstrates how world views encompass people's understanding of time, history, self, and…

Describes the discussion and recommendations of the March 1982 Symposium on Language Development for Native Peoples. Focuses on why TESL Canada advocates not only good English as a second language and standard English as a second dialect teaching in Native education, but also relevant, effective Native language teaching. (NEC)

Reviews the literature about preschool immersion education for Indigenous languages. Describes the two oldest and best known of such programs: Kohanga Reo ("language nests") in Aotearoa/New Zealand and Punana Leo in Hawaii. Looks at existing U.S. programs, particularly Arapaho preschools in Wyoming. Outlines major themes and issues in developing…

Describes recent trends in bilingual education for aboriginal peoples in northern Siberia, USSR. Discusses teacher education in Siberian aboriginal languages, production of native language textbooks, and efforts to retain and revive northern aboriginal languages. Contains 14 references and specific information on 27 aboriginal languages. (SV)

The literature on language diversity, linguistic human rights, and language renewal is reviewed, and Web sites dedicated to Aboriginal languages are examined. The Internet provides a resource center where grammars, lexicons, fonts, and other resources can be developed; a means of learning languages; and a medium for communicating in Aboriginal…

Illustrates how major Cree language instruction books are not idiomatically and syntactically correct. Believes problems could be overcome if native speakers using spontaneous, everyday Cree would develop appropriate teaching materials based on traditional and contemporary family life and community activities. (NEC)

Details the great flexibility of linguistic and residential combinations comprising the Chinese system of affirmative action for educating the Mongolian national minority. Notes tactical detail similarities, such as compensatory language training, with Canadian programs. Emphasizes the coherence of China's nationality policy. (NEC)

A Canadian university teacher of Native languages assessed the effectiveness of personal acquaintance with students, realistic reassurance, and avoidance of threatening behaviors for preventing and reducing school anxiety among Native students. Five case histories illustrate the successes and limitations of this approach. (Author/SV)

Traumas from the Canadian residential school system have been transmitted through generations of Canada Natives, which has interfered with learning. Curricula need to be developed by and for First Nations people. Strategies are presented for working with Native learners and for developing language instructional materials. To become fluent in…

Calls upon Canadian Aboriginal communities to take control of their children's education by breaking free of inappropriate Western educational practices; moving from rhetoric to action in the areas of native language instruction, outdoor learning, involvement of Elders, and parent participation; and developing community-based evaluations of…

A study examining teaching and learning strategies in Maori-medium elementary classrooms observed and interviewed 13 effective teachers. These teachers created culturally appropriate environments; used nonconfrontational behavior management; matched strategies and materials to children's prior knowledge, experience, and abilities; used…

Describes alternative educational innovations at all educational levels, developed by the Maori of New Zealand in response to the dual crises of educational underachievement and the loss of language, knowledge, and culture. Major intervention elements are validating cultural identity, incorporating culturally preferred pedagogy, mediating…