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Aussems, Suzanne; Kita, Sotaro – Child Development, 2021
This study investigated whether seeing iconic gestures depicting verb referents promotes two types of generalization. We taught 3- to 4-year-olds novel locomotion verbs. Children who saw iconic manner gestures during training generalized more verbs to novel events ("first-order generalization") than children who saw interactive gestures…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Verbs, Generalization, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
Wang, Hua-Chen; Nation, Kate; Gaskell, M. Gareth; Robidoux, Serje; Weighall, Anna; Castles, Anne – Child Development, 2022
This study explored whether a daytime nap aids children's acquisition of letter-sound knowledge, which is a fundamental component for learning to read. Thirty-two preschool children in Sydney, Australia (M[subscript age] = 4 years;3 months) were taught letter-sound mappings in two sessions: one followed by a nap and the other by a wakeful period.…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence, Teaching Methods, Foreign Countries
Children and Adults Selectively Attribute Shared Cultural Knowledge to Speakers of the Same Language
Soley, Gaye; Aldan, Pinar – Child Development, 2020
Children's and adults' attributions of shared knowledge of and shared preference for songs were investigated across two prominent social categories: language and gender. Both attributions indicate similarity among individuals but shared cultural knowledge can be more informative about common social history than shared preference, as it is mainly…
Descriptors: Preferences, Singing, Gender Differences, Attribution Theory
Walker, Caren M.; Lombrozo, Tania; Williams, Joseph J.; Rafferty, Anna N.; Gopnik, Alison – Child Development, 2017
Three experiments investigate how self-generated explanation influences children's causal learning. Five-year-olds (N = 114) observed data consistent with two hypotheses and were prompted to explain or to report each observation. In Study 1, when making novel generalizations, explainers were more likely to favor the hypothesis that accounted for…
Descriptors: Young Children, Learning, Influences, Observation
Johnston, Angie M.; Sheskin, Mark; Johnson, Samuel G. B.; Keil, Frank C. – Child Development, 2018
One of the core functions of explanation is to support prediction and generalization. However, some explanations license a broader range of predictions than others. For instance, an explanation about biology could be presented as applying to a specific case (e.g., "this bear") or more generally across "all animals." The current…
Descriptors: Prediction, Generalization, Biology, Adults
Sandoval, Michelle; Leclerc, Julia A.; Gómez, Rebecca L. – Child Development, 2017
A nap soon after encoding leads to better learning in infancy. However, whether napping plays the same role in preschoolers' learning is unclear. In Experiment 1 (N = 39), 3-year-old habitual and nonhabitual nappers learned novel verbs before a nap or a period of wakefulness and received a generalization test examining word extension to novel…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Sleep, Verbs, Generalization
Reynolds, Arthur J.; Ou, Suh-Ruu; Mondi, Christina F.; Hayakawa, Momoko – Child Development, 2017
This article describes the contributions of cognitive-scholastic advantage, family support behavior, and school quality and support as processes through which early childhood interventions promote well-being. Evidence in support of these processes is from longitudinal cohort studies of the Child-Parent Centers and other preventive interventions…
Descriptors: Child Development, Well Being, Prevention, Intervention